cviii Journal of Comparative Neurology. 



the flow of presentations. In lower animals emotions are inseparable 

 from the general feelings. 



2. The general feeling is the barrier which separates the emotions 

 from the sense activities. - This general feeling rests upon the presence in 

 the entire system of a dissolved or fluid substance. 



3. Some emotions, especially in the lower animals, are originated 

 by the penetration of substances from without, while in others they are 

 aroused by a substance in the nervous system being decomposed by psy- 

 chical shocks. 



Feelings vs. Body. In this connection general feeling is used to 

 designate all those feelings which aff"ect the entire body. The general 

 feelings affect all parts of the body and alter their functions. When we 

 experience pleasant feelings all of our organs function more rapidly. 

 When we experience unpleasant feelings, all of our organic functions are 

 retarded. 



Special diseases are accompanied by characteristic general feelings. 

 The general feelings also react on the special senses. He who has healthy 

 feeling, sees more keenly, hears more clearly, tastes and smells more 

 acutely and has a more delicate touch than he who is unhealthy. Re- 

 call the sparkle in the eye of a healthy man. 



Not only do these feelings affect the special senses, but tlieir influ- 

 ence is extended to the voice, to the body. The voice of a healthy man 

 is quite different from that of the sick. 



Recall the blush of shame. The radiation of a blush is peculiar. It 

 proceeds from above downward. The stronger the shame the further the 

 blush extends. By partially clothing the body, we have divided it into 

 two portions. The clothed portion loses a part of the reactive activity of 

 the capillaries. Hand in hand with this goes an over excitability of the 

 unclothed portions. 



Weeping is caused by the reaction of feelings upon special organs — 

 the lachrymal glands. 



Sense Feelings. Both phylogenetically and ontogenetically these 

 feelings rank above the general feelings. They are related to special 

 parts of the body. Yet no sharp line can be drawn between these two 

 classes of feelings. They merge imperceptibly into each other. Some 

 general feelings can almost be localized. Toothache is such a feeling. 



Development of Nervous System. It is interesting to note the rela- 

 tions of feelings to the development of the nervous system. In the phy- 



