COLUMELLA AURIS AND NERVUS FACIALIS: IN 
THE URODELA.’ 
By B. F. Krinespury. 
The following communication sets forth the results of a 
study made upon the relations and development of the parts in 
the otic region of the head in Necturus maculatus, and 
in comparison with that form, Desmognathus fusca and Spel- 
erpes bilineatus. 
The need fora careful study of (1) the relations of the 
facial nerve to the columella auris in the various Urodela, and 
(2) the homology of the suspensorio-opercular connections in 
the different forms of Amphibia has been emphasized by 
Gaupp.” From a comparison of the statements of WIEDER- 
SHEIM,® Hux ey,‘ ParKeEr,°® and Hasse® he was lead to conclude 
1 This may be considered as a partial preliminary communication upon the 
development of the skull of Necturus maculatus, undertaken at the suggestion 
of Professors WIEDERSHEIM and GAUPP, in the Anatomisches Institut at Frei- 
burg. I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to them and to Professor KEIBEL 
and others, for suggestions and material. Since the completion of this manu- 
script in May 1902, more than a year has elapsed, and in sending it to the press 
now, I take the opportunity of noticing papers that have appeared in the mean- 
time—those of KINGSLEY and COGHILL. 
298, Gaupp, E Ontogenese und Phylogenese des Schalleitenden Appa- 
parates bei den Wirbeltieren. Merkel u. Bonnet, Ergebnisse d. Anat. u. Entw., 
1898, Bd. VIII, pp. 989-1149. 
3°77, WIEDERSHEIM, R. Das Kopfskelet der Urodelen. Morph. Jahré., 
Bd. I1I, pp. 352-548. 
#74, HUXLEY, TH. H. Onthe Structure of the Skull and the Heart of 
Menobranchus lateralis. Proc. Zool. Soc., 1874. 
5?77, PARKER, W. K. On the Structure and Development of the Skull in 
the Urodelous Amphibia. Pt. I. Phzlos. Trans. Roy. Soc., Vol. 167, Pt. 2. 
82a, On the Morphology of the Skull in the Amphibia Urodela. 7Z7yvans. 
Linn. Soc., Ser. 2, Vol. I1. 
82b, On the Structure and Development of the Skull in the Urodeles. 
Trans. Zool. Soc., London, Vol. XI, pp. 171-214. 
6°73, Hasse, C. Ueber den Bau des GehGérorgans von Siredon pisciformis 
und iiber die vergleichende Anatomie des Kiefersuspensorium. Anat. Stud., 
Bd. I, No. XV. 
