334 JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY. 
ing the relations in Desmognathus and Spelerpes, in view of 
the structure in the adult, despite the fact that the ‘‘stilus”’ 
probably begins as a chondrification in the cord of cells extend- 
ing from the operculum to the squamosum. This point of a 
separate chondrification, however, has not been firmly estab- 
lished. In that case the ligamentum squamoso-columellare 
(operculare) and the stilus columellae of Spelerpes I should 
regard as homologous—despite the different relations to the 
facial nerve. 
In conclusion, I may say that the points which I wish to 
emphasize are: 
(1) The primary connection of the columella with the 
bone which I regard as the squamosum. 
(2) The different relations of the facial nerve to the 
(‘‘squamoso-opercular’’ connection) stilus columellaris in the 
frog, Necturus (and Proteus) and other Urodela. 
(3) The secondary nature of the connection of the col- 
umella with the quadrate cartilage, where such connection 
occurs. 
(4) The different relations of the ramus jugularis VII, to 
the musculus depressor mandibuli in Necturus, Spelerpes, and 
Desmognathus. 
(5) The course and relations of the R. mandibularis 
internus VII, in view of the possible homology with the™ 
chorda tympani. 
(6) The question of the value of. the relation of a nerve 
to skeletal parts and muscles, as a criterion of homology. 
Anatomisches Institute, Fretburg 1. B., May 1, 1902. 
Cornell University, Sept., 1903. 
