xxii Journal of Comparative Neurology. 



stroyed is found to be present in the subconscious — the loss of function 

 is purely dissociative. The activity is preserved and the system is 

 really unaffected — it is only dissociated from other functioning systems." 

 "With the further progress of the pathological process the neuron itself 

 becomes affected. In the early stages of the process of neuron degen- 

 eration, the function of the neuron is interfered with, though restitution 

 is still possible. These stages include the vast domain of functional 

 neuropathic disturbances, such as paralysis agitans, choreas, idiopathic 

 epilepsy, and the neuropathic insanities, such as the various neuro- 

 pathic forms of manias and melancholias, of periodical and circular in- 

 sanities, of dementia praecox, of paranoias, and so on. Finally in the 

 last stages of the process of degeneration, the neuron is destroyed and 

 restitution is no longer possible. Tabes, general paresis, syringomye- 

 lia, the chronic insanities, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, acute ascending 

 paralysis, multiple sclerosis, secondary dementia — that sad terminus of 

 the chronic insanities — and many other nervous and mental affections 

 in which the body cell of the neuron — cytoplasm and nucleus — has be- 

 come destroyed, all belong to the last stages of the pathological process 

 of neuron degeneration, stages which for lack of a better name may be 

 termed necrotic neuropathies. The whole pathological process, with its 

 stages and concomitant psychomotor manifestations, may thus be con- 

 veniently subdivided into three great classes, one passing into the other 

 by imperceptible degrees: functional psychosis, fumiiotial neuropathy, 

 and necrotic neuropathy." 



"Now once the neuropathic stages are reached, whether they be 

 the early or the last ones, whether they be the functional neuropathies 

 or the necrotic neuropathies, the functions of the affected neuron-ag- 

 gregates are gone and lost, temporarily or permanently, according to 

 the stages of the process. In any of the neuropathic stages of the neu- 

 ropathic process the disturbed, arrested or lost functions are not pres- 

 ent in the subconscious. The neuropathies, functional and necrotic, 

 are essentially organic in character. Unlike functional psychosis, the 

 neuropathies have no subconscious 'equivalents.' The functions of the 

 neuron-aggregates that have entered the neuropathic stages of the path- 

 ological process of neuron degeneration are also lost subconsciously. 

 Hence in the neuropathies, even in the early functional stages, no syn- 

 thesis is possible, because no corresponding subconscious states are 

 present. The neuropathies have no subconsciousness." '^Functional 

 psychosis, functional insanities, should become a special research field of the 

 psychopathologist. Functional psychosis is specially characterized by psycho- 

 physiological disaggregation where synthesis is still possible. The only way 

 of restoring the disturbed equilibrium is to bring about a synthesis of the 

 disaggregated groups with the functioning systems of the upper active 

 personality. Such a synthesis is here brought about by the method of 

 intermediary states." 



"The second study, that of alcoholic amnesia, deals with the 

 bringing out of subconscious memories." "The study coming next in 

 order traces the growth and development of a persis'eni dissociated sub- 

 conscious system and the disturbances brought about by its periodic 

 eruptions into the upper strata of mental life. The case with its psychic 



