446 DAVID H, DOLLEY 



in a treadmill, and the third irritated to a state of surgical shock. 

 That is, in its simplest statement, the cell body of the average 

 cell was exactly the same number of times larger than the nucleus 

 in those cells which had remained in a condition of functional 

 rest, whatever the degree of activity in other cells may have 

 been or however the activity was induced. Further, in those 

 extensive measurements it appeared that the coefficient figures 

 of the nucleus-plasma relation for cells which were excited in 

 the progress of activity to shifts above or below the level of the 

 starting point, the resting cell, were of a denomination to warrant 

 the opinion that they were based on the primary figure of the 

 resting cell. 



Subsequent measurements by several of my students on the 

 rabbit gave additional data in support. The nucleus-plasma 

 relation for the resting Purkinje cell has been found to be practi- 

 cally the same in all rabbits measured, the actual figure of course 

 being different from that of the dog species for that cell. Further, 

 in the single human case which has been studied there was the 

 same evidence of the shifts of activity being based on a constant 

 resting cell level ('11 b). 



In the study of functional activity in the crayfish, Cambarus 

 virilis, which followed ('13 a), not only was there the same 

 finding for corresponding resting cells of the same type in all 

 animals, but, totally unexpectedly, the nucleus-plasma coeffi- 

 cient of all types of resting cells, of which there are four, namely, 

 central and centro-peripheral motor and central and centro- 

 peripheral sensory, was an identical constant. In other words, 

 in such a primitive animal, all cells are on the same plane as 

 regards their nucleus-plasma relation. This is particularly 

 surprising when it is considered that the volume of the largest 

 resting cell, the central motor, is fully four times that of the 

 smallest resting cell, the centro-peripheral sensory. Again 

 the subsequent shifts resulting from activity are based on this 

 common figure, as in the Purkinje cell. For this species of the 

 crayfish, the number of animals from which few or many measure- 

 ments were made, including both seventeen adults and fifteen 

 new-born, was so great as to exclude variations innate or ac- 



