TRANSPLANTATION OF THE SPINAL GANGLION 549 



Nageotte ('06) was the first to make observations of this sort 

 on pathological ganglia. Studying the dorsal roots and sjDinal 

 ganglia from cases of tabes dorsalis, he found in the dorsal roots 

 many very fine non-medullated fibers, on the ends of which 

 could be seen bulbs similar to those seen by Cajal on the tip-; of 

 regenerating nerve fibers. Some of these fibers were processes 

 from the body of the spinal ganglion cells, others were collaterals 

 from the axons. He regarded these findings as an evidence of a 

 collateral regeneration in contradistinction to regeneration from 

 the end of the surviving portion of an injured axon. He believed 

 that such a collateral regeneration was responsible for the similar 

 structures seen in normal ganglia. 



These observations on tabetic material have been confirmed 

 by Marinesco and Minea ('07), and Bielschowsky ('08). In 

 a case of carcinomatous metastasis, where the lesion was within 

 the spinal ganglion, Bielschowsky found many atypical cells 

 with multiple processes and many fine, new-fonned fibers. He 

 believes that the fenestrated cells, the cells with fine multiple 

 branches, and the cells whose axons give ofT collaterals with end 

 bulbs, seen in nonnal ganglia, are similar to those produced 

 under pathological conditions, and accepts Nageotte's theory of 

 collateral regeneration. Dejerine and Andre-Thomas ('07) report 

 nmnerous collaterals with end bulbs in a case of herpes zoster. 



In order to determine if similar changes could be produced 

 experimentally, Nageotte ('07) transplanted spinal ganglia be- 

 neath the skin of the ear in young rabbits. Fifteen days after 

 transplantation he found that some cells at the periphery of the 

 transplanted ganglion had survived, but that they had taken 

 on an appearance very different from the nonnal. The cell 

 body was distorted, the nucleus excentric, and the glomerulus 

 missing; but there were a nmnber of processes, both fine and 

 coarse, running in every direction from the cell. Many of these 

 branches had bulbed extremities. There is no essential difference, 

 according to Nageotte, between these and the similar cells found 

 by Cajal under normal conditions. Nageotte also describes in 

 a graft of eight days' standing: (1) cells with persistent axons 

 from which collaterals arise; (2) cells, the bodies of which are 



