244 ROBERT S. ELLIS 



other cells, although not so far degenerated, showed clearly 

 the early stages of the process. With many of these very im- 

 portant elements of the neuromuscular mechanism lacking, and 

 with many more in a degenerating condition, it is inevitable that 

 poor coordination should result. 



After the cell counts for the different areas were completed, 

 the clinical histories of the subnormal cases were consulted and 

 an effort was made to see how far the variations in the different 

 areas would give evidence either for or against the localization 

 theory of Bolk. Too much must not be expected from such a 

 comparison, because the case histories were not made with a 

 view to their being used in this manner and they are conse- 

 quently incomplete. It will be interesting, however, to consider 

 briefly the facts in each case. 



No. 14880 shows as compared to the normal the lowest number of 

 cells per EUA in the head area. The personal history shows that he 

 had a small head and poor speech. It is consequently not improbable 

 that the entire head musculature was under-developed and poorly 

 coordinated. The record says he was right handed. The cell count 

 shows a slightly greater numJDcr of cells in the left hemisphere. It will 

 be shown later in discussing senescence and paresis that in right-handed 

 individuals the right hemisphere' suffers more loss than the left. The 

 case history indicated postnatal degeneration, and this, if true, would 

 account for the smaller number of cells in the right hemisphere. 



No. 15144. The history shows a bullet-shaped head and very poor 

 speech. He was able, though, to thread needles and tie his shoes, 

 which shows that his hands at least were capable of difficult motor 

 coodinations. The cell counts show the head area very low, but the 

 arm and hand area nearly normal. This agrees well with the locali- 

 zation theory. 



No. 1.5145. The history shows epilepsy — a degenerating disease— an 

 abscess on the right hip, and a failure in the grip test. The cell counts 

 show the arm and hand areas lower than the others, with the right side 

 lower than the left, this being due probably to degeneration. 



No. 15250. The record shows poor speech, atrophy of the jaw, and 

 eye fatigue. The cell counts show the head area the lowest. The 

 grip test shows the left hand slightly stronger and the cell count for 

 area 3 agrees with this. 



No. 15297. The record shows a mental age of eight, which, as far 

 as the cerebellum is concerned, would indicate a higher development 

 of the head area with respect to eye movement, speech, and facial 

 expression. The cell count for area 1 is the highest of the eight cases 

 listed. This agrees with theoretical expectations. The record for grip 



