262 KIYOYASU MAKUI 



The nucleus was sometimes located in the center of the cell body, 

 but in many cases it was situated more or less eccentrically, as was 

 described by many others — Vas (33), Lambert (20), Sjoeval (32), 

 Holmgren (17). IMorphologically, the nucleus showed now and 

 then no particular change, but in other cases it was found either 

 swollen or shrunken. The swollen nucleus appeared large and 

 round and showed a smooth nuclear membrane, whereas the 

 shrunken nucleus showed irregular shape and a crenated mem- 

 brane. Vas (33) observed always an enlargement of the nucleus, 

 while Hodge (14, 15, 15, 16) found regularly the shrinkage of the 

 latter. Lugaro (21), Mann (23), Pugnat (26), and Holmgren (17) 

 declared on the basis of their study that activity causes turges- 

 cence followed by shrinkage in exhaustion. Sjoeval (32) denied 

 the pathological significance of this finding for the reason that he 

 observed those nuclei also in the cell which showed no change in 

 particular. I think those manifestations of the nucleus are to be 

 attributed to different stages of activity; DoUey (9) also declared 

 that the nucleus shows fluctuations of size in the course of 

 activity. 



The nucleolus was found mostly eccentric in the nucleus, al- 

 though this was the case also in some resting nerve cells. It was 

 sometimes observed swollen (fig. 4) : in other cases it showed an 

 irregular shape, oblong or angular (fig. 5). Mann (23), Lugaro 

 (21), Luxemburg (22) observed the enlargement of the nucleolus 

 during activity; it disappears later in exhaustion (Marin (23), 

 Luxemburg (22)). Goldscheider and Flatau (12, 13), and Sjoeval 

 (32) confirmed this in tetanus. Mathes (25) observed the nu- 

 cleolus of angular shape as I did; the objection, that it might be 

 the deceptive appearance caused by the granules above or be- 

 neath the nucleolus, could not come in question in my cases. 



As a most peculiar manifestation of the nucleus figure 5 was 

 presented ; the nucleus is very large compared with the size of the 

 cell body, the nuclear membrane is marked sharply and the nucle- 

 olus itself is small and shows an ellipsoid shape. Besides that 

 there is a deeply blue-stained substance of triangular shape and 

 the remaining space of the nucleus is filled with compact acido- 

 phile substance. The nucleus shown in figure 6 might come under 



