xlvi Journal of Comparative Neurology. 



"Sensorial" and "Muscular" Reactions. 1 



These experiments upon the time difference between the senso- 

 rial and muscular forms of reactions, carried on with the Hipp Chro- 

 noscope (new pattern), lead the authors to the following conclusions: 



(i) That the new pattern chronoscope requires a thorough test- 

 ing before its times can be accepted as of absolute value. 



(2) That the sensorial-muscular difference is not, as Dessoir 

 thinks, a matter of the form of the reaction-instrument. We have 

 obtained the difference with three reaction-keys, involving diversity of 

 muscular action. It averages, in these cases, .090 sec, .1055 sec, 

 and .1493 sec 



(3) That we may confirm the view that not every person is able 

 to function as a reaction-subject. Rather is there required for the 

 work a special kind of mental disposition or Anlage. If the volitional 

 temperament is unfavorable, practice will have no effect in determin- 

 ing the two types of reaction-time ; if favorable, Lange's distinction 

 holds even of the first practice-experiments. 



Experimental Contribution to Memory Study. 2 



This paper is based upon the well-known work of Professor 

 Ebbinghaus and proposes an amplification and verification of the 

 methods employed by the latter. The operative methods were greatly 

 improved by the fact that two persons cooperated, one as subject, the 

 other as director and by the device by which the syllables to be mem- 

 orized were exposed to view through a slot in a screen by the rotation 

 of a uniformly moving Kymograph thus avoiding the possibility of 

 association in advance. The most elaborate precautions were taken 

 to avoid any subjective choice in the selection of the sequence of 

 sylables, while providing for the alliterative, rhyming and thought- 

 suggesting collocations very perfectly. In the second part of the 

 paper [ Hefte 4-5.] is an extended discussion of the results which is 

 difficult to summarize though it stands in great need of condensation. 



1. The influence of rhythmical accent is of the utmost import- 

 ance in learning a series of nonsense syllables. In the method pur- 

 sued it was found almost impossible to learn a series of twelve syl- 



x Hill, A. R. and Watanabe, R. Minor studies from the Psychological 

 Laboratory of Cornell University, Am. Jour, of Physchology, VI, 2, Jan., 1894. 



2 Muller AND Schumann. Experimented Beitrage zur Untersuchung des 

 Gedachnisses. Zcitschr. f. Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane, VI, 2,3, 

 Nov., 1S93. 



