XCV1 



Journal of Comparative Neurology. 



Cranial Nerves of the Anura. 



Mr. G. A. Arnold 1 has given in a brief paper another illustration 

 of the excellent results secured by the study of reconstructions of 



Fig. 5. Nervous system of Pipa from the right side. 



cranial nerves from serial sections. He has done for the Anura what 

 VonTlessin and Rabinowicz have already done in the case of Salaman- 

 dra. The present study is based upon reconstructions of transverse 

 serial sections of embryos 9 mm. 

 in length. We reproduce sketches 

 from the authores figures which 

 will render unnecessary any ex- 

 tended discussion of the relations. 

 Explanation of reference let- 

 ters : a, b, c, terminal branches 

 of nasalis; buc, buccalis ; com. g, 

 commissure of VII and IX; 

 corns, commissure between pala- 

 tinus and maxillaris ; /, frontalis; 

 fac, facialis; gph, glossopharyn- 

 geal; gas. g, ganglion of V and 

 VII ; hy. man, hyomandibularis; 

 man, mandibulars ; men, men- 

 talis ; mas, masseter ; n, nasalis ; 

 ocm, oculo-motor ; ol, olfactory ; 

 op, optic; r.a.a, ramulus acusti- 

 cus anterior ; r. a. I, ramulus 

 acusticus exterior ; r.a.p, ramu- 

 lus aCUSticUS posterior ; r. a. bas, Fi - 6 - Nervous system of Pipa from above. 



ramulus acusticus basilaris ; r. a. neg, ramulus acusticus neglectus ; 

 r. a. sac, ramulus acusticus sacculi ; ss, supramaxillaris superior ; track, 

 trochlearis ; V, VII, VIII, origin of these nerves from the brain. 



r rhe Anterior Cranial nerves of Pipa' Americana. Bulletin of the Essex In- 

 stitute, Vol. XXV, Nos. 10, 11, 12, 1893. 



