GANGLIA OF RANA 469 
The relation of this ganglion to the lateralis ganglion of Strong’s 
plot is doubtful. Strong figures and describes apparently only 
one lateralis ganglion in the X and locates it in ganglion A. 
If the dorsal lateralis of our plot corresponds to Strong’s ganglion 
A, there seems to be no homologue of our ventral lateralis in 
Strong’s plot. Our ventral lateralis ganglion is quite distinct in 
both 8 mm. and 10 mm. embryos but in later stages seems to 
become more closely fused with the dorsal lateralis X. It is 
very difficult to determine the limits between the two ganglia in 
a 35 mm. tadpole. In the 35 mm. tadpole, where the general 
arrangement of the ganglia and nerves is quite similar to their 
arrangement in Strong’s plot, the dorsal lateralis X is still the most 
dorsal and posterior portion of the complex. 
Dorsal lateralis X in both 8 mm. and 10 mm. embryos gives 
rise to one nerve. This nerve arises from the extreme posterior 
end of the ganglion and pursues a course directly backwards as 
in Lepidosteus, Menidia and Ameiurus. This nerve corresponds 
to the most posterior R. lateralis, (1) of Strong’s plot, which curves 
round behind the auditory capsule before leaving the ganglion. 
It splits into two divisions as Strong indicates. Its mode of ori- 
gin and the general position of the ganglion leave no doubt that 
it corresponds to the ramus lateralis of Ameiurus and Lepidosteus. 
It also corresponds to the ramus lateralis superior and its dorsal 
branch in Amblystoma (Coghill ’02), and to the lateralis medialis 
et dorsalis of Amphiuma (Norris ’08). 
The root of this ganglion (figs. 1 and 2), which enters along with 
the root of the ventral lateralis ganglion and of lateralis IX, 
is the most anterior of the roots of X as figured in Strong’s plot. 
The sympathetic ganglia are discussed here briefly on account 
of the proximity of the ganglion sympatheticus cervicale of 
Strong’s plot (Strong 795, plate 12, gang. sym.) to the proximal 
part of the X complex. According to Gaupp (’96), there is no 
sympathetic ganglion in the adult frog occupying a position so 
close to the X as indicated in Strong’s plot. 
The adult frog has a sympathetic ganglion on the second spinal 
nerve, the sensory part of the first spinal nerve of the 10 mm. 
embryo being absent in the adult. From this first sympathetic 
