Kenyon, The Brain of the Bee. 165 



in the case of the insect appears to be reflex ; for when one, vivi- 

 sected as just indicated, is placed upon its food it begins and con- 

 tinues to eat. In the other case the animal must be fed. The vari- 

 ous bodily movements of the insect, however, after a time take it 

 away from the food, and once away it is wholly unable to return. 

 Such insects when passing food even almost within touch of their 

 palpi are wholly unable to change their course so as to secure 

 it, although the movements of their palpi plainly show that its 

 presence has affected them. Whether this would still remain 

 the case when the vivisection is of such a nature as to allow 

 sensory stimuli from the antennae or visual stimuli to act through 

 the reflex channels already mentioned is as yet unknown. From 

 a consideration of the facts that I have pointed out and the 

 facts demonstrated by comparative anatomy and embryology 

 relative to the homologies of the antennae one is warranted in 

 expecting that the animal would still lack the power of directing 

 its movements. 



THE CENTRAL BODY. 



This peculiar body was first made known by Dietl ( 76) as 

 "the fan-shaped structure, " and was two years later described by 

 Flogel (78) as the central body, a term that has since been gen- 

 erally employed. It lies above and behind the ends of the inner 

 roots of the mushroom bodies and is wholly composed of large 

 nerve fibers and fibrillar substance, plus, doubtless some tra- 

 cheal elements (figs. 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, c.b.^. A few of its con- 

 nections I have been able to ascertain, but very much yet re- 

 mains to be learned, so much in fact that any assertion as to its 

 functions can be but little better than a mere guess. Viallanes 

 ( 87) describes it as connected with all the surrounding parts of 

 the brain, but that is an assertion too sweeping for the facts 

 known to me after an application of the bichromate of silver, 

 the copper-haematoxylin and platino-osmo-picric acid methods, 

 and was much too sweeping for the actual facts known to Vial- 

 lanes. Berger ( 78) recognized the body in Dytisciis as a lenti- 

 cular body receiving a bundle of fibers from each side which 

 entering broke up into its individual fibers, some going 



