Wilder, Neural Teiins. 225 



preface; W, & G. , '89, 519. A familiar illustration is the 

 Latin canalis, ot which canal is the English paronym, while 

 heteronyms are tube, passage, trough and water-course. The 

 Greek opyavov might be rendered by paf^, insttunicnt or agent, 

 and these are its English heteronyms ; but the Latin paronym 

 is organum ; the French, organe ; the Italian, organo ; the 

 English, organ ; and the German, Organ. Each of these is, 

 so to speak, a geographic variety of the original or antecedent 

 word ; indeed it may be regarded as the same word modified in 

 accordance with the genius of each language. The case may be 

 compared with that of a traveller who maintains his essential 

 identity notwithstanding "in Rome he does as the Romans 

 do," and in other countries conforms to the customs of the 

 inhabitants in respect to garb and demeanor. 



§44. Methods of Paronyniization. — For linguistic reasons 

 paronymy is general and easy with the Romance languages, less 

 so with the Germanic and with English. Still there are ex- 

 amples enough (Tables II, IV) to warrant the belief that into 

 either may be adopted any Latin substantive or adjective.^ 

 Paronymic methods vary with the language and with the word. 

 Some of the modes of conversion of Latin words into their 

 Anglo-paronyms are formulated in W. & G., '89, %'o6. The 

 instances there given involve more or less orthographic modifi- 

 cation, ranging in extent from the case oi fiber (from fibra) to 

 that oi alms (from eleemosyna.) These are clianged paronyms. 



§45. Unclianged Paronyms. — But there are other evi- 

 dences of paronymization, viz., (a) Pronunciation, e. g. , Paris, 

 Detroit, (b) Hyphenation with a word unmistakably of another 

 language; e. g. in Balken-splenium, the hyphen indicates the adop- 

 tion of the Latin spleniuni as a German word. (c) Combination, 

 e. g. , Ponsfascrn z.x\6. other cases in Table IV. (d) Declaration 

 that the writer regards the unmodified word as adopted.^ (e) 



'Also other and perhaps all parts of speech, but they do not concern us 

 here. 



*Were all foreign words italicized, then in a given case the non-italicization 

 of a word would indicate its adoption. Since the Germans commonly capital- 

 ize all nouns, that feature does not not necessarily signify that a word is regar- 

 ded as an unchanged paronym ; see Table. 



