Meyer, Data of Modem Neurology. 289 



1886 edition, and the other tracts of degeneration in the cord 

 received their cell-bodies and become ' neurones ' whether the 

 cells were known or not, simply because the neurone-theory 

 demands it. 



The progress lies to a great extent in the new formulation 

 of problems. The novelty makes itself strongly felt when we 

 apply it to customary clinincal thought. A constant and most 

 clinical exponent of the new standpoint, Goldscheider, says in 

 Nothnagel's Pathologic und Therapie, Vol. X, p. 96 : ' the at- 

 tempt to trace the pathological anatomical phenomena of the 

 nervous system to the neurones, seems at first sight to lead to a 

 certain conflict with regard to the customary division in diseases of 

 the brain, cord and peripheral nerves. For the neurones belong 

 mostly at the same time to the spinal cord and the periphery 

 or to the spinal cord and the brain. But we have instances of 

 a common and universal participation of the nervous system in 

 diseases which we classify, according to the principal localiza- 

 tion or the clinical character, as brain, cord, or peripheral affec- 

 tions. This customary classification will not decrease the value 

 of the reference to the neurone.' 



This characterizes a mixture of progressive and conserva- 

 tive spirit justified in a work for physicians trained in the old 

 views and gives a hint as to what might come. Leyden and 

 Goldscheider cannot expect, even if they might feel inclined to 

 be revolutionary, that the practioner would enter without con- 

 fusion into the new spirit, into a completely revised system of 

 neuropathology. But need the time be far off when the growing 

 generation might be shown the field in its new arrangement ? 

 With this question we enter upon the core of the modern prob- 

 lems in neurology and also upon the more restricted point to be 

 discussed in this essay. 



The great share of the progress of neuropathology lies un- 

 questionably in the beautiful discoveries along the lines of 'lo- 

 calization.' As soon as the physicians learned how 'motor 

 memories ' of speech and of all voluntary movements, became 

 flesh in the shape of 'centers,' all the current thought focused 

 on the search for more 'centers. ' Many of them had been sup- 



