166 NATURAL HISTORY OF SELBORNE. 
of manure: but in general with us this 4zvwmdo breeds in chimneys ; 
and loves to haunt those stacks where there is a constant fire, no 
doubt for the sake of warmth. Not that it can subsist in the 
immediate shaft where there is a fire; but prefers one adjoining to 
that of the kitchen, and disregards the perpetual smoke of that 
funnel, as I have often observed with some degree of wonder. 
Five or six or more feet down the chimney does this little bird 
begin to form her nest about the middle of May, which consists, 
like that of the house-martin, of a crust or shell composed of dirt 
or mud, mixed with short pieces of straw to render it tough and 
permanent; with this difference, that whereas the shell of the 
martin is nearly hemispheric, that of the swallow is open at the 
top, and like half a deep dish: this nest is lined with fine grasses, 
and feathers, which are often collected as they float in the 
air. 
Wonderful is the address which this adroit bird shows all day 
long in ascending and descending with security through so narrow a 
pass. When hovering over the mouth of the funnel, the vibrations 
of her wings acting on the confined air occasion a rumbling like 
thunder. It is not improbable that the dam submits to this in- 
convenient situation so low in the shaft, in order to secure her 
broods from rapacious birds, and particularly from owls, which 
frequently fall down chimneys, perhaps in attempting to get at 
these nestlings. 
The swallow lays from four to six white eggs, dotted with red 
specks ; and brings out her first brood about the last week in June, 
or the first week in July. The progressive method by which the 
young are introduced into life is very amusing: first, they emerge 
from the shaft with difficulty enough, and often fall down into the 
rooms below: for a day or so they are fed on the chimney-top, 
and then are conducted to the dead leafless bough of some tree, 
where, sitting in a row, they are attended with great assiduity, and 
may then be called perchers. Ina day or two more they become 
jiyers, but are still unable to take their own food; therefore they 
play about near the place where the dams are hawking for flies ; 
and, when a mouthful is collected, at a certain signal given, the dam 
and the nestling advance, rising towards each other, and meeting 
at an angle ; the young one all the while uttering such a little quick 
note of gratitude and complacency, that a person must have paid 
very little regard to the wonders of Nature that has not often 
remarked this feat. 
