388 ■» ZOOLOGY. 



Order DECAPODA MACKOURA.— L ong-tailed Crustaceans. 

 CALLIANASSA CALIFOENIEXSIS, Dana. 



Small Sand Cranrfish. 



Callianassa CaUforniensis, Dana, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Pliil. 1854, VII, p. 175. 

 Callianassa occidtntalis, St. Proc Cal. Acad. Nat. Sc I, 1855, 88. 



Sp. Ch. — Eye peduncles sub-triangu!ar, closely approximated at their bases, but diverging at their pointed tips. Length of 

 external antennie two-thirds that of the body. Larger anterior foot smooth and glossy on the sides, ciliate along the edges. 

 Hand broadest at the base, but little longer than the carpus and much narrower. Color, a delicate orange; anterior feet rose- 

 colored. Length, three inches. 



This animal lives in the hard sand about the mouth of Shoalwater bay, buried at the depth 

 of about a foot, and leaving a small hole at the surface, sometimes visible at low tide. It may 

 readily be known by its soft body and general form, resembling that of the crawfish. Two 

 other species, one of them often five inches long, are found in similar situations on the coast. 



ASTACUS TROWBRIDGII, Stimpson. 



Coast Cra-wfish. 



^stacus trowbridgii, St. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. VI, p. 87. — Ibid. Journ. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. VI, (extracted, 

 p. 83,) pi. xxi, fig. 4. 



Sp. Cn.^ — Thoracic spines prominent, rostrum short, broad, with smooth nearly parallel sides; terminal tooth of moderate 

 length ; antero-lateral teeth suflflciently prominent. Hands large, robust, equal in size; surface rough ; fingers spinulose. A 

 prominent spine near the extremity of the brachium. Color, when fresh, olive above ; pale, tinted with red below. Length, 

 four to five inches. 



Numerous species of crawfish are found in the Territory, nearly all so closelj' allied as to be 

 distinguished only on careful comparison. One found in the Columbia is said to grow eight 

 inches long. 



This species is found in the streams running into Shoalwater bay, and also at the mouth of 

 the Columbia. It sometimes gets into the brackish water of the bay, but probably returns to 

 the fresh streams as soon as possible. All the crawfish are good eating, but small usually, and 

 not much sought after. 



CRANGON FRANCISCORUM, Stimpson. 



San Francisco Sbrimp, 



Crangoit franciscorum, St. Proc. Cal. Acad. Nat. Sc. I, 1856, p. 89. — Ibid. Journ. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. VI, 

 (extracted, p. 55,) pi. xxii, fig. 5, (hand.) 



Sp. Ch. — Very slender and depressed ; rostrum small, sub-triangular, rounded in front; hand large, with an oblique palm, 

 thumb like process long and spiniform. Colur, light and dark yellowish gray, mottled; eyes salmon red in life. Length, from 

 one to three inches. 



This is the only species of shrimp I found at Shoalwater bay, where it is very rare, since I 

 got only three or four, and these only half the size it grows to further south. In San Francisco 

 great numbers of this and the black-tailed species (C. nigricauda, St.) are sold as food in the 

 markets. Those I found were caught in September. 



