32 WATEK STATIONS FOR PROPOSED RAILROAD. 



burden in coming in contact witli this barrier, the precipitation being three inclies greater on 

 the east than on the west side. The influence of these elevated mountain ranges is shown in 

 a more remarkable manner further north. The annual fall of rain east of Santa Fe, at Fort 

 Union, is about twenty inches ; while in the Eio Grande valley, in the same latitude, it is but 

 ten inches ; and on the Sierra Madre, as far south as the head of the Gila and Mimbres rivers, 

 it is twenty inches, as is shown by the recent Meteorological Report of the Medical Bureau of 

 the United States Army. 



The springs around the Organ mountains, the Rio Grande, Cooke's spring, the Mimbres, 

 Ojo de la Vacca, Ojo de Inez, Cienega del Sauz, the springs of the Playa de los Pimas, of the Calitro 

 mountains, the San Pedro, the Aravaypa, Prospect and Petaya creeks, the Santa Cruz river, 

 and the Gila itself, all, by their abundant and never-failing supply, fully attest the truth of 

 our reasoning in this respect, that the fall of rain is sufficiently abundant for all practicable pur- 

 poses, provided the configuration of the country is favorable to its being brought into requisition 

 by conduits, artesian wells, common wells, or otherwise. 



Water stations. — ^To supply stations along the line of road as proposed after construction, resort 

 must be had to conduits. Cooke's spring, twelve miles north of the line, may be conveyed south- 

 eastward, and, in connection with Neide's spring, deliver water at a point thirty-five miles from the 

 Rio Grande, the diiference of elevation being about six hundred and ninety feet ; and it is probable 

 that this water may be conveyed beyond this summit into the Monument basin. The Rio 

 Mimbres, twenty-one miles north of the line, may be conveyed to the summit of the Florida 

 pass, a distance of twenty-seven miles, the difference of elevation being five hundred and twenty- 

 seven feet, and also to the lowest point of its own basin at the line, twenty-one miles below, the 

 difference of elevation between them being eight hundred and twenty feet. The water from Agua 

 Fria may also serve to furnish this point, being about fifteen miles distant. Ojo de la Vacca, 

 eighteen miles north of the line, and sis hundred and twenty-seven feet above it, may be conducted 

 to another convenient station, and the water from Ojo de Inez, about eighteen miles north of the 

 line, may be delivered at a station in the vicinity of Cooke's emigrant road, west of the summit of 

 the plateau, the difference of elevation being about seven hundred and fifty feet. At the playas, 

 on botli sides of the Pyramid Range, there is little doubt but that common wells dug in the 

 usual manner, or bored by machinery to the bottom of the gravelly deposits and tubed, 

 will yield a plentiful supply of water for these stations. In the Valle del Sauz a common well 

 may be resorted to, or conduits laid from the Cienega, fifteen miles above the crossing, and three 

 hundred feet higher. From this point to the Bear springs, at the head of the Aravaypa, no 

 water exits immediately on the line ; there may be springs in the unexplored chasms of the Dos 

 Cabezos spur, and in Mount Graham, which may be found to supply stations at the Railroad Pass. 



Water from the Playa de los Pimas may be drawn to this summit, and to an immediate point 

 between the Railroad Pass and Bear springs, from Dove and Antelope springs, by means of the 

 force-pump before alluded to. 



The distances from station to station, between running water of Rio Grande and Aravaypa, 

 as recapitulated, are as follows : 



Miles. 



From Rio Grande to station one 31 



From station one to station two 19 



From station two to station three 15 



From station three to station four 22 



From station four to station five 17 



Miles. 



From station five to station six 10 



From station six to station seven 20 



From station seven to station eight. 21, 



From station eight to station nine 28 



From station nine to station ten 29 



