COMPAEISON OP STRATA FROM DIFFERENT LOCALITIES. 95 



where the foot hills run out into promontories, which, before the denudation, stretched across 

 the present valley to the Panza hills ; these promontories come off from the main ridge, like 

 the teeth of a comb, and are themselves merely fragments denuded. On examining the strata 

 of these terraced promontories near the edge of this valley, they are found to dip away from 

 the valley and toward the range of which they seem to be a part ; from one of these was obtained 

 some of the finest specimens of the asterodapsis of a larger size than those found in Santa 

 Margarita valley ; accompanying it was the scutella suhrotunda, ih.Q pecten, and ostrea; the dip 

 of these layers was 15° southwest. On another promontory, about a half a mile up from the 

 valley, yellow clay rock containing the same fossil scale impressions as that found on the 

 shore at the Gaviote, and also found on the west side of the San Jose. The green agatic quartz 

 riband layers found in Santa Margarita valley were not found here. 



The exploration of the Panza hills proved to be very interesting ; their sandstone, less 

 inclined than either those of Santa Margarita or Santa Inez, allowed of a comparison not 

 admitted by the others. The continuity and relative position of tliese beds could be better 

 studied there than in any other locality. Here was first observed the angular crested gypseous 

 sandstones repeated at Santa Inez, and here was observed the relative position of the ostrea 

 and echinoderm beds similar to those of Santa Margarita, with the softer clays and beds asso- 

 ciated with bitumen along shore, and including polythalamous layers. Much that was doubtful 

 was thus removed, and the relative position of these tertiary beds was thus determined to stand 

 in this order from above downwards : 



A. Fine yellow slates ; soft argillitic layers, with area ohispoana ; bituminous sand rock, with 

 polythalamous layers. 



B. Yellow sandstones, with pallium, ostrea, hinnites, and echinoderm. 



C. Brown and yellow grits ; sandstones, conglomerates, gypsiferous and ferruginous ; the 

 upper beds including the dosinia of San Antonio. 



D. Coarse grits and green conglomerates of seri^entine and jaspery quartz. 



The last bed, so distinctly marked on the San Jose and Santa Lucia ranges, was not observed 

 represented on Panza hills, in which circumstance it resembled Santa Inez range. 



A section of Panza hill is given in fig. 3, plate 2, and the fossiliferous beds on plate 2, fig. 5. 



South of the larger Panza hill, a few miles along the valley, a dyke of augitic rock of a 

 dark green compact structure was observed running north 80° east, and converting the sand- 

 stone into a hard micaceous rock in its neighborhood ; the strata dipped in every direction near 

 it, and even the gneiss rock was slightly disturbed from its usual easterly dip. A folding 

 together of the sandstones was observed not far from this on the river side, causing a partial 

 synclinal axis, which may, perhaps, have been produced by the upheaval of the Panza granite 

 at a date subsequent to the elevation of the San Jose rock. 



The bed of the Estrella river, at Panza, displays a series of terraces on the hills on either 

 side precisely similar to those on the Santa Maria, although necessarily on a much smaller 

 scale. 



The fossils found in the strata on the sides of the valley were the following, the names and 

 descriptions of which have been supplied by Mr. Conrad : 



1. Oslrea Titan 



2. Oslrea Pamana. 



3. Peden dkcui. 



i. Peden Heermmi. 

 5. Pailium EslrelUmis. 

 8. SpimdyUts Estrellenan. 



7. Cydas permaara. 



8. Cycla-i Estrellensis. 



9. GlyciTneris EsireUensis. 



10. Bahinus EsireUensin. 



11. Astrodipsis Antmlli. 



12. Scutella Svhrotunda. 



