TURBINARI^ CRATERIFORMES, 25 



are completely obliterated and those immediately round this vacant area are immersed by the 

 coeneuchyma. The large specimen on which the description is based shows very clearly the 

 increasingly more pronounced character of the striation of the inner surface from the margin 

 of the cup inwards. Tlie furrows which give rise to the striated appearance are canals not 

 yet bridged over with skeletal matter. Wliere the downward pressure of the fluid in the 

 inside is greatest, i. e. just round the bottom of the cup, tlus canal system is therefore most 

 pronounced. The canals here seen from above often look like a mill-race rushing down 

 between the calicles. 



a. Locality not recorded. [Register No. 71. 11. 22. 1.] 



h-f. King's Sound, West Australia. Saville-Kent Coll. 

 g-i. Three younger specimens with frilled edges, 



also from King's Sound, West Australia. Saville-Kent CoU. 



j, k. Thursday Island, Great Barrier Reef. Saville-Kent Coll. 

 I. Two small cups together, from Roebuck Bay, 



West Australia. Saville-Kent Coll. 



Species 2. Turbinaria cinerascens. 



Madrepora cinerascens, Elhs and Solander, Nat. Hist. Zooph., 1786, p. 157, tab. xliii. 

 Turbinaria cinerascens, Oken, Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte, ZooL, i. (1815) p. 67. 

 ? Gemmipora cinerascens, Dana, Zoophytes, 1848, p. 411, pi. x.xx. fig. 11. 

 Non Turbinaria cinerascens, Quelch, Chal. Rep., 1886, p. 167. 



{Remarks on the Synonymy. — This having been, like T. crater, one of the earliest recorded 

 species of Turbinarian, has been made the receptacle for so many stray specimens that it is 

 now impossible, without close examiuatiou of the actual specimens involved, to unravel the 

 synonymy.) 



Description. — CoraUum cup-shaped, with stout, almost obliterated stalk, thin, wavy edges, 

 wrinkled externally ; the whole thickness of the rim occupied by a chain of young buds. 



Calicles hardly protuberant, but with raised, circular, ring-like margins, very conspicuous, 

 not crowded, varying greatly in size. Septa about 16, not projecting far into the cavity, but 

 sloping down into the rather deep and conspicuous fossa. Columella not very distinct. 

 Interseptal loculi bounded peripherally, long or short petaloid. 



Ccenenchyma delicately striated, giving a soft appearance to the surface, though very 

 rough to the touch. 



This diagnosis is entirely founded upon the description, and upon the very beautiful figure 

 given by Ellis and Solander. Tliis drawing so accurately represents well-known Turbinarian 

 characters that we cannot avoid the conclusion that it is a faithful copy of an actual specimen. 



There is, unfortunately, no single specimen in the National Collection wliich resembles it. 

 This fact alone makes me greatly doubt much of the synonymy, as it is evident that the tjrpe 

 is not a common one. Its cup shape, for instance, makes it practically certain that it is not 



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