32 MADREPOEAKIA. 



the edge of the cup have a veiy abnormal appearance. The keel-like columella is close to 

 the proximal wall, which has but few traces of septa, while laterally and distally to the 

 columella the septa are very pronounced, forming a fan-like arrangement flush with the 

 cceneuchyma. Towards the bottom of the cup, the symmetry is gradually regained, the 

 calicles bending up further and developing evenly in the thickening ccenenchyma. The 

 elliptical calicles are 2 mm. long. The septa (about 20) cross the half-radius circle, the small 

 fossa is almost filled with the protuberant columella. The calicles are about 3 mm. apart in 

 the line of growth, but side by side may be about their own width apart. 



The presence of these asymmetrical calicles on the larger specimen, together with the 

 resemblance of the ccenenchyma in the two cases, makes it probable that the smaller is 

 the young form of the larger. That young forms with completely immersed calicles may 

 grow into forms with protuberant calicles appears probable also from a comparison of 

 specimens 5 and i on p. 27. 



a. King's Sound, West Australia. Saville-Kent Coll. (Type.) 



? h. (A minute cup) locality not recorded. 



Species 8. Turbinaria speoiosa. (PI. V. ; PI. XXXI. fig. 6.) 



Description. — Corallum circular, the cup being flat or open funnel-shaped, with short, 

 thick stalk. The surface is thrown into folds radiating almost from the centre. Former folds 

 grown round and left behind by the growing edge become cylinders or thick finger-shaped 

 protuberances. 



Calicles slightly protuberant, closely crowded, obliterated in the centre, look upwards. 

 Aperture circular (diameter from 2 mm. maximum) and not occupying the whole of the top of 

 the prominence, but leaving a thin margin of ccenenchyma from which the clearly marked 

 thin septa (14 to 18) project, reaching (seen from above) to the half-radius circle, but sloping 

 down from the margin so that the fossa is funnel-shaped and deep. Columella small and 

 indistinct. The interseptal loculi short petaloid. 



On the upper surface, the ccenenchyma is granular, but on the under surface, it is 

 delicately and regularly striate, the striae being wavy furrows running down towards the stalk. 



Tliis type is not far removed either from T. dance or from T. crater, but differs from both 

 in the character of the calicles and in the greater thickness of the growing margin. 



The two specimens show somewhat irregularly the method of forming the cylindrical 

 protuberances wliich occur so frequently in tliis genus. It approaches the mesenteriform 

 type of growth. 



a. [On mother-of-pearl shell with T, peltata.] Saville-Kent Coll. (Type.) 



Port Deuison. 



b. [On mother-of-pearl shell with T. ixltata] [PtCgister No. 80. 5. 27. 1.] 



Species 9. Turbinaria mollis. (PL V. ; PI. XXXI. fig. 8.) 



Descrij)tion. — Corallum a delicate cup, so thin that the polyp-cavities within its substance 

 wrinkle its exterior much further down than usual. The deUcate rim tends to bend inwards 



