36 MADREPORARIA. 



Species 13. Turbinaria quincuncialis. 

 TurUnaria quincuncialis, Ortmann, Zool. JB. Syst. Abth., iv. (1889) p. -497. 



Description. — Corallum regularly crateriform, deep, funnel-shaped, margin irregular, 

 5 mm. thick. 



Calicles crowded, small (1 to 2 mm.), round, little prominent (1 mm.), frequently 

 oblique. Septa about 16. Columella small, a mere point but distinct. 



Habitat, Ceylon. 



I have been unable to identify this with any of the specimens here catalogued. There 

 are in fact no Crateriform Turbinarians from Ceylon in the National Collection. 



Tlie following species are small cups, provisionally/ classed under the head 

 crater if ormcs, their subsequent growth Icing unlcnoivn. 



Species 14. Turbinaria nidifera. (ri. YI. ; Tl. XXXI. fig. 12.) 



Description. — Expanded cup 8 cm. in diameter, on a tall stout stalk. Margin thick, folded, 

 folds fusing back to back, but with a very marked suture ; young calicles round margin, large, 

 deep, and conspicuous. 



Calicles irregularly scattered, protuberant, with thick expanding margins almost like 

 tluck-.iimmed cups on stalks, the base of the calicle being narrower than the aperture; 

 secondary polyps may develop on the thick rim. Aperture oval, 2 • 25 mm. ; septa (24 and more) 

 project very slightly from margin and descend perpendicularly round the large deep oval fossa. 

 Columella very marked, protuberant, compact, appearing almost too large for the polyp-cavity. 

 Interseptal loculi not bounded peripherally. 



Ccenenchyma above, rough and very porous ; below, well-developed ridge-and-furrow 

 system. 



This is quite a unique specimen ; the form of the calicle and the size of the columella 

 distinguish it from all known Turbinarians. The name is suggested by the nest-like calicles, 

 each with a conspicuous egg-shaped columella. 



a. Great Barrier Eeef. Saville-Kent Coll. (Type.) 



Species 15. Turbinaria abnormalis. (PI. VI. ; PI. XXXI. fig. 13.) 



Description. — Small conical cup, expands gradually from the stalk. Margin thin, and 

 slightly undulating and wrinkled. 



Calicles, in irregular concentric series, project as tall cones (5 mm. high) from the base of 

 the cup, but diminish in height towards the edge. Aperture nearly circular (diameter 2 mm. 

 and less), occupying nearly the whole top of projection, a very thin margin of ccenenchyma 



