TURBINAEI^ CRATERIFORMES. 37 



binding together the septa peripherally. Septa 20 to 22, not reaching the half-radius circle, 

 descend verticaUy to bound a large, deep, round or oval fossa with well-marked columella. 

 Interseptal loculi not sharply defined peripherally, but distinct, oblong. 

 Coenenchyma granular both inside and out. 



This specimen, measuring 8 cm. across and 7 cm. high, at first appeared as if it might be 

 a young cup stage of 1 )ana's T. bmssica, but as it is impossible to establish any such connection 

 without the intermediate growths, and the calicles do not agree, I felt bound to place it 

 separately. Its most singular characteristic is that the calicles in the base of the cup, instead 

 of being obliterated, as in the majority of Turbinarians, rise up as tall cones. This unusual 

 method of growth suggested the specific name. 



a. Great Barrier Reef. Saville-Kent CoU. (Type.) 



Species 16. Turbinaria pocilliformis. (PI. \'r. ; PI. XXXI. fig. 14.) 



Bcscnptwn.—CoTallnm symmetrically bowl-shaped, margin thin, almost regularly circular, 

 wrinkled outside. 



CaUcles in irregular concentric series round the margin, their thin margins sHghtly pro- 

 jecting, obliterated in the base. The aperture circular (diameter 2 • 5 mm. and less). The septa 

 (24) descend from the margin vertically without projecting appreciably across the aperture, 

 whicli is thus conterminous with the aperture of the fossa; this is large and deep, with a 

 distinct protuberant columella. The interseptal locuU show round the margin of the aperture 

 as sliglit irregular notches. 



The ccenenchyma is regularly granular on the outside, more coarsely so than on the 

 inner side, the granules tending to become arranged in series which approach the typical ridge- 

 and-furrow system. 



This specimen, which measures only 9 cm. across by 7 high, is, like the last, perhaps tlie 

 early stage of some other growtli-form. Until, however, we know its subsequent method of 

 growth, Its regular cup shape warrants us in assigning it a distinct place among the crateriform 

 Turbinarians. In form, it somewhat resembles Blainville's picture of Gcmm ijwra {Turbimria) 

 crater, but the calicles prove it to be distinct. 



a. North-West Australia. Capt. J. R. Beckett. (Type.) 



TurUnaria sinensis, Verrill,* is described by that author as crateriform. From his 

 description of its great size (14 inches wide and 10 high), it ought apparently to find a place 

 here. _I have, however, felt obUged to place it in the foliate group for reasons there criven, 

 of. p. 54. ° 



Proc. Essex Inst., v. (1S6G) p. 27. 



