221 



AsliToids iio breaking up oiid subsequent rearrangement of the ciliated 

 band into liansverse rings has been observed, such as il occurs especially 

 in I lololhurians, but also, more or less distinctly, in Ophiuroids and Echi- 

 noids; accordingly we cannol speak of a pupa-sLage in Asteroids 

 corresponding to that of I lolotiuirians and (more or less modified) of 

 Ophiuroids and l^chinoids. Neither do the forms with chrect development 

 (flcnriria, Solasler etc.) develop ciliatcfl rings, as do the Crinoids and 

 llolotiiurians with abbrevialetl or direct development; there is only a 

 general ciliation in these reduced starfish-larvse. It is, of course, possible 

 that larvae with ciliated rings may occur among those of the Phanerozonia 

 which have direct development; but as yet we do not know a single case 

 of such larvae within the Asteroids - and this fact is not in favour of the 

 suggestion thai the siniple, wormshaped larva provided with ciliated rings, 

 like the Coniatulid- and the Dendrochirote-larvBe, represents the primitive 

 I'X'hinoderm-larva. 



Two more forms of starlish-larva' have been described, wliicli would 

 appear to represent special types diflering essentially from I lie main types 

 treated above. They must be briefly mentioned here. 



In my Memoir on "Die h^chinodermenlarven d. deutschen Siidpolar- 

 Expedition"!) p. 89 notice is given of a larva with more than 2U Hrachio- 

 larian processes, the general shape of the larva being otherwise like that 

 of a typical /l.s/e/m,s--larva ; the larva itself I had not examined, the descrip- 

 tion being founded on observations of the living specimen made by Van- 

 hoffen during the slay of that Expedition in the Antarctic Sea. As later 

 on the specimen of this larva was examined by me, those numerous Bra- 

 chiolarian arms were found to be a mistake; they were nothing but the 

 spines of the young metamorphosing starfish. — A correction of the de- 

 scription was given in the "Vorwort" to the said volume of the "Deutsche 

 Siidpolar-Expedition". p. VI; bul as this correction is very likely to be 

 overlooked I have found it my duty to mention it here. 



In 1906 Koehler c^t Vaney-) published the description of a remark- 

 able new Asteroid-larva, taken in the vicinity of the Azores, which was 

 named Stellospluvid mirabilis. Only tw-o stages were observed, [hv younger 

 being provided with clusters o! large s])ines. which were absent in (he lalei- 

 stage, so that a remarkable, regressive developmenl oi I he calcareous 

 bodies in the larval skin lakes place during the progressing development 



') Deulsthe Siidpolar-Hxpcdition 1001^1903. Bd. XIV. Zoologie VI. 1913. 



^) H. Koi'lilor cl ("I. Vancy. Description d"unc nouvclle larvc d'Asterle apparlcnant 

 tri's vraisi'inl)lal)kMiu'iit ;'i utii' fornu' al)yssale. Bull. Mus. Oi'i-aiiogr. .Monaco. No. (it. 1906. 



Tlu' description was reprinted in Koeliler's great work '"T'cliinodernies provenant des 

 canipagnes du yacht I'rinccsse .Mice (.\steries, Ophiures, Iichinides et Crinoides), R^s. d. 

 Camp. Sclent. Monaco. Fasc. XXXIV. 1909. p. 131—136. PI. XXIV. 



