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MOLLUSCA AND CRUSTACEA OF THE MIOCENE FORMATIONS 
/ | OF NEW JERSEY. 
By ROBERT PARR WHITFIELD. 
PRELIMINARY REMARKS. 
The fossils of the Miocene beds of New Jersey, like*those of the Creta- 
ceous and Eocene beds, have never until now been systematically studied 
or recorded. Many of them which are as yet peculiar to the deposits of 
the State have, however, been described haphazard, as it were, by different 
writers, with scarcely any other object in view than that of describing 
the species which happened to fall into their hands. In this way a tew of the 
most prominent forms have become known, but very few species are men- 
tioned in any of the lists of Miocene fossils as pertainmg to the New 
Jersey fauna.- In Mr. F. B. Meek’s list of Miocene fossils published in 
“Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections” there are only seventeen species 
mentioned as from New Jersey: two forms of Bryozoans, two Oysters, one 
Spondylus, one Crassatella, two Carditamera, one Astarte, one Venus, one 
Periploma, a Corbula, a Saxicava, and four Gasteropods. A detailed list 
of these is given in Prof. Cook’s Geology of New Jersey for 1868, p. 297, 
Prof. Heilprin in his ‘Tertiary Geology of the Eastern and Southern 
United States” enumerates twenty-seven species, seventeen of which he 
gives as peculiar to the State; and in an article on “The Miocene Mollusca 
of the State of New Jersey”! he enumerates thirty species as known at the 
time of publication. On page 398 he adds to the list from collections obtained 
on excursions to the marl pits at Shiloh, N. J., giving fifty species from this 
one locality. On pages 402-404 he gives a summary of the known mol- 
luscan fauna of the State up to that date (1887), amounting to eighty-two 
species, and he describes among them three new species and one variety. 
1 Proceedings of the Acad. Nat. Sciences of Philadelphia for 1887, p. 397. 
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