CORONAT.E — PALEPHYRA, NAUSITHOE. 553 



Z. pelagica. There are also 4 lanceolate, complexly folded lips. The medusa is only 10 

 mm. wide and is probably an immature stage. 



Palephyra indica Vanhoffen. 



Pale fill yra /n./jVa, Vaniiofffn, F.., 1902, Wissen. Ergeb. deutsch. Tiefsee Expedition, Dampfer r<iWiri'fl, Bd. ^,, p. 32, taf. 3, fig. 10. 



Bell 12 to 16 mm. wide. 8 adradial tentacles, 8 marginal sense-organs, 16 marginal 

 lappets. 4 large, bean-shaped interradial gonads wider than the spaces between them. About 

 80 simple gastric filaments. Bell white, with taint brown, radial punctations in the radii of 

 the sense-organs and axial lines ot the lappets. Stomach brown. Gulf of Aden from a depth 

 of about 500 fathoms. 



Vanhoffen presents a beautiful figure ot this medusa, drawn from life. 



Genus NAUSITHOE KWliker, 1853. 



h'auiiihoe, Kollikcr, 1853, Zcit. fur wissen. Zool., Bd. 4, p. 323. — Gegenbaur, 1856, Zeit. fiir wisscn. Zool., B.I. 8, p. 211.— 

 Hertwig, O., und R., 1878, Nervensyst. und Sinnesorg. der Medusen, p. 105. — Claus, 1883, Organisation Entwick. Medu- 

 sen, p. 24. — Vanhoffen, 1892, Ergeb. der Plankton Expedition, p. 21 ; 1902, W'issen. Ergeb. deutsch. Tiefsee Expedition, 

 Dampfer I'aldivia, Bd. 3, Lfg. I, pp. 28, 30; 1906, Nordisches Plankton, Nr. 1 1, p. 43. — Maas, 1904, Result. Camp. Sci. 

 Prince dc Monaco, fasc. 28, p. s^; 1903, Scvphomedusen der Siboga Exped., Monog. ll, p. 18. — Bigelow, H. B., 1909, 

 Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 37, p. 33. 



Octogonia, MiIller, J., 1854, Miiller's Archiv. fijr .\nat., etc., p. 97. 



Ephyropsis, Gegenbaur, 1856, Miiller's .Archiv. fiir Anat., etc., p. 239. 



Nausicaa+ Nausitho€ + Nauphantaj Haeckel, 1S80, Syst. der Medusen, pp. 486, 487. 



Scyphostoma larva'. 



Spongicola fstularisy ScHULTZE, F. E., 1877, Archiv. fiir Mikroscop. Anatomic, Bd. 13, p. 795. 

 Stephanoscyphus mirabilisj Allman, 1874, Annals and Mag. Nat. Hist., set. 4, vol. 14, p. 237. 

 Nauslthoe, Lobianco, S., und Mayer, P., 1890, Zool. .\nzeiger, Jahrg. 13, p. 687. 



The type species is N. punctata of the Mediterranean, Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and 

 Arctic Oceans. 



GENERIC CHARACTERS. 



Eph)'ropsidae with 8 (4 perradial and 4 interradial) marginal sense-organs and 8 adradial 

 tentacles. There are 16 marginal lappets and 8 separate adradial gonads, the gonads isolated, 

 not grouped in pairs. The central stomach communicates with a wide ring-sinus in the bell 

 by means ot 4 perradiall)- situated ostia; the 4 interradial septa between these openings give 

 rise to the entodermal gastric cirri. Peripherally, the ring-sinus gives forth 16 simple, unrami- 

 fied pouches in the radii of the sense-organs and tentacles. The partitions between these 

 pouches are not complete, for there is a marginal ring-canal. No saccules on the subumbrella. 



We may possibly distinguish the following "species" o{ Nausithoe: 



A', punctata, with finely punctured, central disk without radiating furrows, large gonads, gastral filaments not grouped 



into clusters. All oceans. 

 N . clausi, with smooth central disk, small gonads. Caroline Islands, Pacific. 

 A^. challengeri, central disk with radiating furrows. Tristan d' Acunha, South Atlantic. 

 N . albairozsi, smooth central disk, long, narrow marginal lappets. Gastral filaments grouped into clusters, with a number 



of separate clusters in each interradius. Gulf of Panama, Pacific Ocean. 

 N . rubra, red color. Pitted central disk. Simple gastral filaments which are not grouped into clusters. Indian and 



South Atlantic Oceans=A^. punctata (?) 

 A^. picta, similar to A', punctata, but with chocolate-brown or carmine gonads and blue gastric cirri = A', punctata ( r). 



It is apparent that there are only 4 well-marked forms oi Nausithoe: (i) the punctata, 

 rubra, picta group with pitted central lens which lacks radiating furrows, and with gastric 

 filaments arising singly, not in clusters; (2) A^. clausi with smooth central lens; (3) A'^. 

 albatross t with gastric filaments grouped in clusters; ("4) A^^. challengeri with radial furrows 

 upon the central lens. 



The scvphostoma larva o{ Nauslthoe infests sponges and bears a superficial resemblance 

 to a branching hydroid. See N. punctata. The medusa of Nauslthoe is peculiar in having 

 clusters of small crystals scattered at intervals within the ectoderm of its umbrella. 



