r,6 MADREPORAKIA. 



The peculiarities of this coral are : (1) the " pulvinate " growth ; (2) the neatly circular 

 caHcles ; (3) the fact that the top edges of the walls are reticular, even though they appear 

 below the edge to remain simple and membranous ; (4) the nearly laminate primaries, with 

 their conspicuous but thin paliform plates, which rise to within 1 • 5 mm. of the mouth of the 

 calicle, except in the shallow lateral calicles and in young buds ; (5) the spike-like secondaries 

 and tertiaries, the latter being very minute. 



There is one specimen, an almost symmetrical oval mass, about 9 cna. in long diameter. 

 It is infested with calcareous worms, whose tubes coil about among the calicles, and mostly 

 open without bending up free of the surface. For other specimens, showing the same neatly 

 punctured cylindrical calicles and the star-like arrangement of pali, see Table IV. ]>. ISO. 

 They all differ in important points, in depth and size of calicles, in the thickness of the walls, 

 in the character of the pali, in method of growth. 



a. Zool. Dept. 86. 12. 9. ^04. 



See pp. 67, 68, 60 for the other specimens from Zamboanga, which Mr. Quelch classed 

 under the same name with this coral. 



35. Goniopora Celebes (dI. (PL IV. fig. 8 ; PI. XII. fig. 7 ; see also PI. IX. fig. 3.) 

 [Talisse Isl, N". Celebes, coll. 8. J. Hickson ; Camb. Univ. Museum.] 



Description. — Corallum forms large, smooth, oval masses, only the top co\'ered by the 

 living layer, and consequent!}' great numbers of free thin edges with conspicuous epithecal 

 bands, both supporting and pellicular. 



Calicles as neat circular holes, 2* 5-3 mm. in diameter and about 3 mm. deep. Walls 

 vertical, finely denticulate, fenestrated by great numbers of minute pin-holes ; thin, of nearly 

 uniform thickness, and everywhere with upper edges of close angular reticulum, showing 

 slight traces of radial symmetry. The septa visible as granules become cross stria: on the 

 tops of the thicker walls of the lateral calicles. Wlien these septal cross strio3 are very 

 conspicuous, those of adjacent calicles may be separated by a median furrow or line. An 

 immense number of young intercalicular buds, often very deep, occur in the reticulum in the 

 angle between tlie calicles. In the deep calicles the septa only appear as faint stritu below 

 the edges, but lower down the primaries and secondaries are flat thin plates. The former run 

 out to join the columella ; an irregular number of secondaries generally developed ; only ^ery 

 faint traces of tertiaries, just below the margin of the wall. Pali very irregularly developed, 

 sometimes absent in the deeper calicles, in which case the iiitracalicular skeleton is very 

 scanty ; when present they form a symmetrical hollow ring of frosted plates or flattened knobs, 

 beneath which is the open very inconspicuous columellar tangle. In the lateral calicles the 

 pali are stouter and taller, more than usually conspicuous, sometimes with thinner pali alter- 

 nating with the normal six and with a conspicuous central tubercle. In these lateral calicles 

 the pali alone are tliickened, and there is a strong contrast between them and the thin septa. 



