70 MADREPORAKIA. 



39. Goniopora Philippines ^4, 4. (PI. V. fig. 3.) 

 [Mactan Island ; coll. H.M.S. ' Challenger ' ; British Museum.] 

 Goniopora pedunculata, Quelch (non Q. & G.), Chall. Eept., xvi. (1886) p. 187. 



Description. — Corallum apparently a thick encrusting cushion-shaped layer, of irregular 

 outline, with smooth but wavy surface and character of edges unknown. The thickness varies 

 quite irregularly from 1 ■ 5 to 3 mm. according to the surface of the substratum. 



Calicles about 2 • 5 mm. across, showing two types of structure. On the tliinner parts of 

 the stock they are open, rounded, rather shallow, with vertical walls descending upon a flat 

 floor (fig. 3). The walls are fairly regularly composed of compact thick septa, with stout 

 synapticulee. On the thicker parts of the stock the calicles are deep and funnel-shaped, and 

 the stout walls are a close reticulum showing no signs of regular formation out of radial septa 

 and concentric synapticulse, which have melted together. Young buds are mostly confined to 

 this region. The 2-4 septa project almost from tlie margin as short stout points and knobs. 

 In the deep conical calicles they descend as thick, vertical rows of knobbed and irregular pro- 

 jections, sloping gradually and only very deep down uniting with an inconspicuous tangle. 

 In the shallower calicles (fig. 3), without previously projecting into the fossa, they unite with 

 a large flat conspicuous columellar tangle which is so flaky as to appear nearly solid. There 

 is a ragged reticulum on its surface in which here and there a six-rayed arrangement can be 

 detected, while round it and close to the walls the ring of interseptal loculi is fairly con- 

 spicuous, because some of them are large. The typical septal formula can here be made out. 



In sections the calicles and the different elements of the skeleton are hardly dis- 

 tinguishable. 



The fragment was identified in the ' Challenger' Report with G. pedv/nculata Q. & G., but 

 see p. 36 on the possibility of re-identifying this coral. 



The two kinds of calicles ai-e especially interesting — shallow, with walls regularly built, 

 and depp and conical with an irregular reticulum foaming up round them. This latter is 

 probably a sign of rapid growth, a suggestion confirmed by the presence at this part of many 

 young buds. The regular shallow type on the thinner part of the stock recalls those of 

 G. Gh-mt Barrier Reef 1, p. 48 (see PI. II. fig. 1), although there the stock is still thinner and 

 the calicles larger and shallower. 



rt. ' Zool. Dept. 86. 12. 9. 306. 



40. Groniopora China Sea (5)1. 



[' Mers de Chine/ 1839, coll. Lagrenee ; Paris Museum.] 



Jihodanra ? lagreneei, M.-E. & H., Ann. d. Sci. Nat. (3°) xvi. (1851) p. 43 ; non "lih. lagrwuei," 

 Bruggemann, Abh. Ver. Brem., v. (1878) p. 547 (= G. Singapore 1, p 79). 



The original specimen of tliis coral seems to be Z. 205a of the collection in the Paris 

 Museum. As stated by Milne-Edwards, it seems to have been very worn. In shape it appears 



