XX CHARLES OTIS WHITMAN 
The work in zoology in the Imperial University of Tokyo was 
first organized by Professor E. 8S. Morse, who was invited from 
abroad in 1877.4. He remained there two years and was succeeded 
in 1879 by Professor Whitman. Professor Iwakawa states that 
Professor Huxley was first invited by Professor Morse to accept 
the chair as his successor. Professor Huxley wrote that for years 
he had been desirous of studying biology in oriental countries 
and that the present call from Tokyo was the best chance he could 
ever have; however, he regretted that the declining condition of 
his health would not allow him to accept. Professor Morse 
states in a letter that while instructor at Penikese he had known 
Whitman and was much impressed by the beauty and accuracy 
of his work; his experience as teacher in Boston was also a recom- 
mendation; so Professor Morse secured Whitman’s call to the 
chair of zoology in Tokyo and it was accepted. Professor Whit- 
man remained in Japan for two years until 1881. He had only 
four students, but as all became professors of zoology in the Im- 
perial University he may be ««stly regarded (as Dr. Takahashi 
states) as the father of zoology in Japan. Professor Iwakawa 
says that Professor Whitman’s teaching really laid the foundation 
of modern zoology in Japan. 
It is impossible to reproduce the tone of affection and reverence 
in which these reminiscences are written by two of his original 
pupils, Iwakawa and Ishikawa, and a later student during the 
Chicago period, Takahashi. Professor Iwakawa says, ‘“‘Once he 
was my teacher while he was in Japan and since then until today 
I have been paying respects and admiration both for his character 
and for his work in biology.’”’ ‘‘I am constrained by what I 
regard as a duty to him to let others get a glimpse of what I 
knew him to be while he was with us in Tokyo’’—and the whole 
tenor of his reminiscences is one of affectionate admiration and 
devotion. ‘Professor Whitman’s attitude of mind toward his 
‘In the Magazine of Zoology, published by the Zoological Society of Japan, 
Tokyo, vol. 23, no. 269, March 15, 1911, there appear three articles on Professor 
Whitman, the first by Professor Tomotaro Iwakawa, the second by Professor 
Chiyomatsu Ishikawa, and the third by Dr. Katashi Takahashi. For the trans- 
lation of these articles I am indebted to Dr. Shigeo Yamanouchi. They form the 
basis of the following account. 
