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PHYSIOLOGICAL ANIMAL GEOGRAPHY 575 
Such distribution is characteristic of species which occupy 
environments made by streams, lakes, soil, or other local condi- 
tions. Such species are local in their distribution. 
6. Geographic variation in habits. The life-history at Chicago 
is similar to that of C. hmbalis. Criddle expresses the opinion 
that the larval life is two years in Manitoba, but has not yet 
confirmed the statement. The depth of larva burrows at Chicago 
is 22-50 em.; at Aweme, Manitoba, 43-50 em. 
c. Cicindela sexguttata 
This is a brilliant green form. Its life-history differs from that 
of C. imbalis in the following points: (1) Egglayingoccurs about 
one week later, (2) larvae pass the winter in both second and third 
stages, (3) the adults emerge in August, but usually remain in 
the pupal cells until spring. 
1. General behavior of adults. The adults of this species are 
less alert than those of the other species just discussed. They 
frequently fly and alight on leaves of bushes. When frightened 
in the woods they frequently crawl under a leaf or other object 
on the ground. Sometimes they remain very quiet for a time 
when the body is not all covered and the bright green wing covers 
stand out in contrast to the brown leaf under which they are 
hiding. 
They crawl under the bark of trees at night and in cool or 
cloudy weather, both in nature and in cages, and rarely dig into 
the soil. But one individual moved soil when in captivity. This 
one was in a cage in which a piece of bark lay on the sand present. 
It was found to have removed a small amount of sand to make 
room for its body under the bark. 
2. Ecological relations of adults. C. sexguttata has been 
studied in Massachusetts, New York, Illinois, Indiana, and 
Tennessee. It lives only in or about forests of a certain particu- 
lar type. It is entirely absent from those that have developed 
on low, wet ground, such as marsh forests and humid climate 
flood-plain forests; it 1s not found in the early stages of the oak 
forest nor in the beech and maple (the climax forest of eastern 
