ANATOMICAL ILLUSTRATION 981 
cuts were inserted by his publisher from such pictures as were 
available. 
The first anatomical publication of Berengarius was an exten- 
sive series of commentaries on Mundinus. In this the text of 
Mundinus is printed in larger type, and the forty commentaries 
in smaller, but so extensive are the annotations that the book 
is brought up to a thick quarto volume of 1056 pages. This 
book, published at Bologna in 1521, is rare and a cut of the title 
page is shown in fig. 19. The size of the original is 42 x 7 inches; 
the border is red and the enclosed printing black. His commen- 
taries contain at times corrections to Mundinus, and show the 
results of some observations mixed with dialectic compilations 
from the earlier writers. In the 21 illustrations the dependence 
on tradition is very marked. 
He soon branched out for himself and wrote an introduction to 
anatomy, designated Isogoge breves, etc., which was first pub- 
lished in 1522 and followed by a modified edition in 1523 which 
is the only one well known. In addition to a copy of his commen- 
taries of 1521, I have had for examination three editions of the 
Isogoge breves; that of 1523, Bologna, 4°, 80 leaves with 23 wood- 
cuts; an edition of 1535, Venice, 4°, 63 leaves, 19 plates, and a 
small pocket edition (22 x 44 inches letter-press), dated 1530, and 
containing 24 figures. The illustrations are wretched copies of 
those of the edition of 1523, the increase in their number, by one, 
is owing to the separation of two figures that appear on one 
plate in the larger edition. This appears to have been a relatively 
_ cheap edition for students. 
More than one-half the illustrations of the commentaries are 
reproduced in the Isogogee of 1523 and new ones are added. 
Most of the plates in the edition. of 1523 are provided with an 
ornamental border, added to a double line boundary, while the 
plates of the commentaries of 1521, are limited by a single line 
border. Roth reproduces a full-size figure of the skeleton from 
the Isogogee of 1523, but his plate lacks the ornamental border. 
Fig. 20 is a representation of the skeleton from the Isogoge of 
1523 in which the ornamental border has been retained, but the 
marginal description, present in the original, has been cropped 
