254 GEO. H. BISHOP 
chitinous drum will have been burst through; the valve guarding 
the entrance of the vas deferens will be pressed against the 
opposite side of the gland’s lumen so as to occlude the latter, 
and the mucous content will often have burst through the 
anterior end of the gland’s wall. If the organs are not killed 
at once, the musculature relaxes, and the gland assumes a some- 
what more normal contour. 
When the drone is opened more deliberately, especially after 
the injection of an acidified fixative or after stimuli that cause 
partial extrusion of the penis, the picture is different. The 
spermatic fluid will have passed down as before through the 
base of the gland and ejaculatory duct into the bulb of the penis 
(text figs. 1, b, and 2, A or B, b), but the mucous content of the 
gland will in this case have followed it down. The two are 
still unmixed. The sperm is invariably collected at the lower 
end, as if it had come down first, and the mucus lies behind it. 
From this it is concluded that after the first spasmodic contrac- 
tion of the gland and vesicle that expresses the spermatic fluid 
through the gland’s base, and shuts off the outlet of the mucus 
through the same channel, the muscles then relax enough to 
open the lumen again, and the mucus follows the sperm into the 
penis. The bursting of the end of the gland is in this case 
prevented by the increased and compensating pressure of the 
abdominal contraction, since the muscles of the abdomen contract 
in coordination with the sexual apparatus. 
Very rarely, by careful opening of the drone, the gland does 
not burst upon contraction, and after relaxation its mucous 
content can be seen to follow the sperm down as has been inferred 
to be the normal manner. 
With this manner of action in mind, various methods of stimu- 
lating the drones were tried, to find by what method could 
be brought about the most complete ejaculation of both mucus 
and sperm, together with complete extrusion of the penis, in the 
order above stated. The following treatments tested on mature 
drones are set down in order of increasing effectiveness in produc- 
ing the desired effect. 
