COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF 
ALCOHOL, NICOTINE, TOBACCO SMOKE 
AND CAFFEINE ON WHITE MICE 
I. EFFECTS ON REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH 
L. B. NICE 
From the Biological Laboratory of Clark University 
ONE FIGURE 
CONTENTS 
MET OAUIC ETO Mets Se oe ele feaeicee zeta ORE Sees So? hs ates ER hr 133 
ENC aK) Leet ere eee ees At nicl tse Oat er a SNe ENS ore mie lat aha aes 133 
INiGotimevandstobaccormokeseereeeriate] a: ee ene ee eee eee 135 
( OR TIET VE) pee ies: OP a AROS Lt A eee IRC SAS So: id.c Coho nee 135 
IVE EO Cas ay see eee Re aaa a 6) 3 snd A eR Ate Ee 
Effects on the weight and health of the adult mice......................... 138 
Effects on the fecundity of the adults and viability of the young........... 139 
Growth of the young subjected to the same conditions as their parents..... 159 
Growth of the young not subjected to the drugs...:..:i......--.-.s.-7---.: 145 
Comparison of the growth of mice given drugs with those not given drugs.. 146 
SSS UTR RPV aca hs Sd hal oP SRN Ss set’ sain Lae ee ee. Eas 147 
Billoo ora isyfarey ae on iy capo se tera oat: fc Re A re Rae ca ates 149 
INTRODUCTION 
Alcohol 
The effects of alcohol on animal offspring has been shown in 
several investigations to be injurious. Laitinen (31) found that 
aleoholized rabbits and guinea pigs had more stillborn young 
than the controls; and that the growth of the living young was 
retarded. Of 23 pups from a pair of alecoholic- dogs in Hodge’s 
(28) experiments, 8 were deformed, 9 were born dead, and only 4 
were viable. From the control pair 4 were deformed, none were 
born dead and 41 were viable. Forty-three per cent of the eggs 
THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY, VOL. 12, No. 1 
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