260 HENRY LAURENS 



3. The reactions of chromatophores are believed to be adap- 

 tive in that they either respond to the relative intensity of the 

 light or to the color and intensity of the background. 



4. The control over the melanophores which the eyes possess 

 is of course most important, for by this means the reactions of 

 the melanophores are able to be adaptive. 



5. Indirect stimulation of the melanophores through the eyes 

 is not by any means always opposite in effect to direct stimu- 

 lation, but only so when the conditions are such that it is neces- 

 sary that the chromatophores contract in the light in order that 

 the reaction be adaptive. 



LITERATURE CITED 



Babak, E. 1910 Zur chromatischen Hautfunktion der Amphibien. Pfiiiger's 

 Archiv, Bd. 131, S. 87-118. 



Ballowitz, E. 1914 Uber die Pigmentstromung in den Farbstoffzellen und die 

 Kanalchenstruktur des Chromatophoren-Protoplasmas. Pfliiger's 

 Archiv, Bd. 157, S. 165-210. 



Bauer, V. 1914. Zur Hypothese der physikalischen Warmeregulierung durch 

 Chromatophoren. Zeit. f. allg. Physiol., Bd. 16, S. 191-212. 



BiEDERMANN, W. 1892 tjber den Farbenwechsel der Frosche. Pfliiger's 

 Archiv, Bd. 51, S. 455-508. 



Carlton, F. C. 1903 The color changes in the skin of the so-called Florida 

 chameleon Anolis carolinensis Cuv. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and 

 Sciences, vol. 39, pp. 257-276. 



VON Frisch, K. 1911 Beitriige zur Physiologie der Pigmentzellen in der 

 Fischhaut. Pfluger's Archiv, Bd. 138, S. 319-387. 



1912 tJber f arbige Anpassung bei Fischen. Zoolog. .Jahrb. , Abt. f . allg. 

 Zool. u. Physiol., Bd. 32, S. 171-230. 



FucHS, R. F. 1914 Der Farbenwechsel und die chromatische Hautfunktion der 

 Tiere. Winterstein's Handb. d. vergl. Physiol., Bd. 3, 1. Halfte, 2. 

 Teil, S. 1189-1657. 



Hargitt, C. W. 1912 Behavior and color changes of tree frogs. Jour. Animal 

 Behav., vol. 2, pp. 51-78. 



Hertel, E. 1907 Einiges liber die Deutung des Pigmentes fi'ir die physio- 

 logische Wirkung der Lichtstrahlen. Zeit. f. allg. Physiol., Bd. 6, 

 S. 44-70. 



Hooker, D. 1912 The reactions of the melanophores in Rana fusca. Zeit. f. 

 allg. Physiol., Bd. 14, S. 93-104. 



