428 H. D. GOODALE 



internal secretions but that the genetic basis of each character 

 must also be taken into consideration. At least four groups of 

 characters can be recognized : Head furnishings, dependent in the 

 male upon the testes, in the female independent of the ovary in 

 certain respects, in other respects, dependent ; spurs independent 

 of testes, but on which the ovary exerts an inhibition, often incom- 

 plete; voice and behavior, which in the male is partially dependent 

 and partially independent of the testes yet closely correlated 

 with these ; and plumage, which is independent of the male organs 

 but on which the ovary exerts a modifying influence. 



Since the male may be feminized, it follows that if the ovary 

 be considered an inhibitor merely, then the male must possess 

 both potentialities for the secondary sexual characters and that 

 the ovarian secretion suppresses the male character, allowing 

 the female plumage to dev^elop. Genetically, then, the male 

 secondary sexual characters must be considered dominant to the 

 female. On the other hand, if the ovarian secretion be considered 

 a modifier, transforming the male character into the female, we 

 need not assume that both potentialities exist in the male, but 

 only the one. We may also make a similar assumption for the 

 normal female. At present, it is impossible to determine whether 

 or not the ovarian secretion is an inhibitor or modifier. 



