The Movements of the Siuimnimg-Plates in Ctenophores. 423 



13. This neuroid transmission is probably supplemented by 

 mechanical transmission, which of itself is insufficient to carry 

 forward a normal wave. 



14. Phylogenetically an epithelium w^ith neuroid transmission 

 probably preceded true nervous structures and such an epithelium 

 is in all likelihood the only means of transmission in many 

 animals at their earliest larval stages (blastulae, gastrulae, etc.) 

 and in such primitive forms as sponges. 



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