492 H- S. Jennings. 



is in essential agreement with the general method of regulation 

 here set forth, and may be considered a working out of the details 

 of the way in which growth regulation would probably take place 

 along such lines. 



It may be noted that regulation in the manner we have set forth 

 is what, in the behavior of higher organisms, at least, is called 

 intelligence. If the same method of regulation is found in other 

 fields, there is no reason for refusing to compare the action 

 to intelligence. Comparison of the regulatory processes that 

 are shown in internal physiological changes and in regeneration 

 to intelligence seems to be looked upon sometimes as heretical 

 and unscientific. Yet intelligence is a name applied to processes 

 that actually exist in the regulation of movements, and there is, 

 a prion, no reason why similar processes should not occur in 

 regulation in other fields. When we analyze regulation objec- 

 tively, there seems indeed reason to think that the processes are 

 of the same character in behavior as elsewhere. If the term 

 intelligence be reserved for the subjective accompaniments of 

 such regulation, then of course we have no direct knowledge of its 

 existence in any of the fields of regulation outside of the self, and 

 in the self perhaps only in behavior. But in a purely objective 

 consideration there seems no reason to suppose that regulation in 

 behavior (intelligence) is of a fundamentally diff^erent character 

 from regulation elsewhere. 



It is perhaps hardly necessary to point out the relation of the 

 method of regulation in behavior here discussed to the process of 

 "selection of overproduced movements," so ably set forth in 

 Baldwin's well-known works ('97, '02). The account here given 

 is based on this same process, but diff^ers in a number of points 

 which seem to the writer of fundamental significance for a proper 

 understanding of the method of regulation. Baldwin has like- 

 wise made some suggestion as to the possibility of extending this 

 point of view to other fields (Baldwin '02). 



We may make a general statement of the features in the method 

 of regulation set forth in this paper, as follows: The organism is 

 primarily activity. It is the seat of many processes, of chemical 

 change, movement, and growth; these are proceeding with a 

 certain amount of energy. These processes depend for their 

 unimpeded course on one another and on the relations to the 

 environment which the processes themselves largely bring about. 



