288 T. H. Morgan 
Table III, June 17 (201-240) brings out not much that is new 
but confirms some of the findings of the preceding data. Despite 
the fact that male and sexual females have now begun to hatch 
(in some of the later cases these are reckoned in with male and 
female eggs) the number of dwarfs has not materially increased. 
Male eggs preponderate somewhat, the sum total being 342 
female eggs to 454 male eggs. 
THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE SPECIES OF PP. PAETAX 
Confusion has arisen as to the identity of this species owing to 
the variations in its life-cycle. Walsh, who first described the 
species, states that he never found a winged individual in the galls, 
although he has opened hundreds of them. Pergande’s observa- 
tions on this gall extending over several years “run counter to 
those of Walsh, for I have found this particular gall swarming with 
the winged female.’’ Pergande accounts for this discrepancy on the 
ground that his own observations were made from early May until 
June, and those of Walsh from June 17th to the end of the month 
“when the winged forms had already forsaken the galls.” Per- 
gande continues: “If the galls be opened early in May, or before 
the nipple has opened, they will be found filled with winged 
insects, pupa, numerous eggs and what appear to be larve. 
These supposed larva, however, upon careful examination are not 
larve hatched from eggs deposited by the stem-mother, but the 
true sexual individuals, both males and females, produced from 
eggs deposited freely by the winged females.”’ 
My own observations furnish results that harmonize in part 
the observations of Walsh and of Pergande. They show that 
many galls do not ever produce winged individuals and that their 
place is taken by apterous forms; also that in some galls both types 
are present but as yet I have found none containing only winged 
individuals. ‘The history of the galls was so closely followed that 
it Is quite certain that the winged forms did not first appear and 
then leave the galls. On the other hand when winged forms 
occur their number is not large and the galls could not be said to be 
filled with them. It follows, in all probability, that in different 
