6oo J. Frank Daniel 



Whether the same specificity holds in the case of single cells 

 where a lower degree of immunity obtains, is a question to which 

 considerable interest attaches. The problem may be stated thus: 

 Will acclimatized unicellular organisms, which show a stronger 

 resistance to alcohol, also demonstrate an increased resistance 

 when tested to a fatal dose of another and different substance ? 



To determine the point in question organisms which I have 

 found could be rendered immune to ethyl alcohol have been tested: 

 (i) to substances radically different from alcohol and (2) to sub- 

 stances in a way related to alcohol. In the first case normal and 

 acclimatized animals of both Stentor^^ and Spirostomum were 

 tested to hydrochloric acid and to sodium hydroxide. In the sec- 

 ond, they were subjected to other alcohols — methyl alcohol and 

 glycerin. 



In these studies attention has been directed to two things : 

 First, to the physiological effects— that is, to what the organism 

 did; and secondly, to the chemical effects, or to what changes the 

 chemical produced. 



The first point was to see whether normal and acclimatized 

 animals acted in the same way or differently in the same killing 

 medium. A second was to determine whether there was any dif- 

 ference in chemical effect upon the two sets — the acclimatized 

 and control animals. 



If such differences were noted either in behavior on the part of 

 the organism or in action on the part of the chemical, a further 

 proposition would be to see if any relation exists between the two. 



A The Action of Ethyl Alcohol (C^H.OH) 



As a standard for subsequent observation and experiment we 

 may repeat earlier experiments in order to see what takes place 

 when control and acclimatized animals are subjected to a fatal 

 dose of ethyl alcohol. 



Normal iinaccltmatized Stentors (type F) when thus subjected 

 to a 6 per cent killing fluid showed slight or no bodily movement. 

 At from 15 to 35 seconds there was a strong antero-lateral (aboral) 



'^ In this study when Stentor is mentioned type F is meant unless otherwise stated. 



