REACTION OF SELACHII TO INJECTIONS 119 



crypts is nearly normal in appearance. The erythrocytes in the 

 spiral valve of the first animal show considerable injury, but 

 those in the second do not. 



/. Stomach. The stomach is not seriously injured in the first 

 specimen and not at all in the second. In the former there is 

 slight congestion, the surface epithelium contains a few hyper- 

 chromatic and a few hypochromatic nuclei and the deepest 

 glands show slight cytol3^sis in a few cells. 



g. Blood. As indicated above, severe injury to erythrocytes 

 is done with potassium chromate. In some of the vessels of 

 everj^ organ examined there are degenerated red blood-cells, 

 although in other vessels the cells are normal in appearance. 

 The injury is greatest in congested areas where the flow of blood 

 was interfered with. Intravenous injections of potassium chro- 

 mate lakes the blood rather quickly. 



B. Tartaric acid. An adult male received intramuscularly 

 100 mg. per kg. body weight of tartaric acid and was autopsied 

 after thirty hours when it was moribund. All of the organs 

 appeared normal except the spleen, which was pale. 



Microscopical examination, a. Digitiform gland. This or- 

 gan is severely congested, but except for a very slight cytolysis 

 and hypochromatosis near the periphery there is evidently no 

 injury to the tubules. 



6. Kidney. Nephritis in all regions of the kidney is very 

 severe. Congestion is marked. The glomeruli are not particu- 

 larly affected, but have hyperchromatic nuclei. In some trans- 

 verse sections of the posterior part of the kidney fully 90 per cent 

 of the secretory tubules and many of the excretory tubules show 

 signs of degeneration, ranging from mild changes to complete 

 destruction (fig. 17). 



All three types of nephritis are present, but the granular 

 variety (fig. 19) predominates. Granular nephritis is much the 

 same as that described in chromate nephritis (see figs. 8, 9, 18, 

 19, and 20). The destruction in the case of the tartaric acid 

 nephritis is more complete (fig. 20), and in addition there is 

 present in the surrounding tissue a very considerable number of 

 cells with large eosinophihc granules and nuclei of different 



