author's abstract of this paper issued 

 by the bibliographic service, february 3 



ASSOCIATION AND COLOR DISCRIMINATION IN 

 MUDMINNOWS AND STICKLEBACKS 



GERTRUDE MAREAN WHITE 



Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin 



TEN FIGURES 



CONTENTS 



Introduction 444 



Review of literature on the behavior of fishes 444 



General review of literature on color vision in fishes 446 



Conditions of experimentation 452 



Instinctive movements 453 



Periodic activities and daily rhythm of the mudminnow 453 



Sense organs used in seeking food 455 



Color discrimination 456 



Experiments performed upon the mudminnow 458 



Colored papers 458 



Monochromatic light filters 462 



Constant and varied intensity of illumination 466 



Monochromatic green and yellow filters 469 



'Fogged' photographic plates 474 



* Summary of experiments in regard to color vision of mudminnows 475 



Experiments performed upon the stickleback 475 



Monochromatic blue and yellow filters 481 



Monochromatic red and green filters 481 



Aquarium of sticklebacks 483 



'Fogged' photographic plates 485 



Summary of results in regard to color vision in fishes 485 



Experiments on the discrimination of patterns 488 



Associations formed by fishes 489 



Types of associations 489 



Delicacy of associations 491 



Complexity of associations '. 491 



Permanence of associations 492 



Modification of associations 492 



General discussion and conclusions 493 



Summary 494 



443 



