482 



GERTRUDE MAREAN WHITE 



TABLE 3 

 Results of experiments in lohich sticklebacks were taught to take food offered with 

 light passed through monochromatic gelatin filters, and to refuse paper resembling 

 food in appearance, when offered with other monochromatic lights. 'Lights,' 

 'colo-s reversed,' 'intensity varied,' 'gray plates,' have the same meaning as in 

 tabic 1 and the colors are as before represented by B for blue, G for green, R for 

 red, and Y for yellow. 'Food and paper' means that calves' liver and gray paper 

 quite different in appearance were offered alternately ivithoui colored illumination 



No. 46 



No. 50 \ 



No. 65 •! 



No. 66 



No. 57 



TYPE OF EXPERIMENT 



G and R lights. 

 Colors reversed. 



G and R lights.. 



Colors reversed. . 



Intensity varied. 



Gray plates 



B and Y lights. . 

 R and G lights. . 



Gray plates. . . . 

 B and Y lights. 

 R and G lights. 



Food and paper. 

 Food and paper 



DURA- 

 TION OF 

 EXPER- 

 IMENT 



days 



34 



28 

 28 



32 

 20 

 20 

 20 

 23 



32 

 18 

 20 



32 

 16 



17 



30 



NUM- 

 BER OF 

 TKI.YLS 



66 



108 



34 



58 

 83 

 50 

 52 

 91 



39 

 27 



22 



34 

 31 

 17 



39 

 41 



NUM- 

 BER OF 

 TIMES 

 COR- 

 RECT 



54 



8 



24 



45 

 15 

 34 

 41 



84 



1 

 6 

 1 



00 



5 



11 



33 

 34 



NUM- 

 BER OF 

 ERRORS 



12 



100 



10 



13 



68 

 16 

 11 



7 



38 



21 



5 



34 



26 

 6 



PER 

 CENT OF 

 TIMES 

 COR- 

 RECT 



PER 

 CENT OF 

 ERRORS 



81.82 



8.00 



70.59 



77.59 

 18.07 

 68.00 

 78.85 

 92.32 



2.56 

 22.22 



77. 



00. QO 

 16.12 

 64.72 



84.62 

 82.93 



18.18 

 92.00 

 29.41 



22.41 

 81.93 

 32.00 

 21.15 



7.68 



97.44 

 77.78 

 22.72 



100.00 

 83.18 

 35.28 



15.38 

 17.07 



between the colored lights, rather than whether a permanent 

 association could be formed (fig. 7, C, D; table 3). 



Experiments of longer dm^ation were performed on stickle- 

 back no. 46 and stickleback no. 50. No. 46 was first trained to 

 come for food in green light, and to inhibit the impulse when 

 paper closely resembling the food in color was offered in red 

 light. This test continued thirty-four days, January 5 to Febru- 

 ary 7. On only seven days do the records show errors, and dur- 

 ing sixteen successive days a perfect record was maintained. On 

 the thirty-fifth day the colors were reversed. The permanency 



