212 ROBERT BENNETT BEAN 



morph is the most distinctive of all individuals. It is that 

 type which is small, thin, wiry, and nervous, with long narrow 

 head, long narrow nose, long narrow face, with pointed chin — 

 the 'hatchet face,' as the Australians call the Englishmen in 

 derision. This type has been found by me to have a very short 

 intestine, sometimes only twelve feet in length, and it has also 

 been found to have a low pylorus and duodenum, a low hepatic 

 and splenic flexure of the colon, and a* low transverse colon. The 

 suggestion has therefore been advanced by Goldthwait, Brown 

 (4) and others that the Hyper-onto-morph is immature, an 

 under-developed individual morphologically. Also that it is 

 the carnivorous type of Treves and others. There can be no 

 doubt that the type is the end product of a hyperactive thyroid 

 gland. The individuals are prococious in the development of 

 the teeth, nose, face, head, and general body form (3). Their 

 development may be so rapid that such structures as the ears, 

 stomach, small and large intestine fail to finish their growth 

 and transformation. Other evidences of thyroid activity are 

 that the individuals are nervous, high-strung, and very active 

 mentally, and there is a low grade of exophthalmos, the eyes are 

 wide open and often present the wild look of a surprised animal, 

 a condition that has been noted especially among the Indo- 

 European women, and is considered to be a mark of beauty. 

 They are susceptible to diseases of the alimentary canal, nerv- 

 ous system and lungs (epitheliopaths), as well as exophthalmic 

 goiter. They have small bones and there is evidence of calcium 

 insufficiency due to the thyroid secretion. 



The Hyper type I have called an epitheliopath, and the Meso 

 a mesotheliopath, because of the susceptibility of the epithelial 

 tissues to disease in the Hyper type and the susceptibility of 

 the mesothelial tissues to disease in the Meso type. Gold- 

 thwait of Boston has carried my work further and has demon- 

 strated that a large majority of the inmates of insane asylums 

 are of the Hyper type and that this type is susceptible to joint 

 affections. Percy Brown of Boston has demonstrated associated 

 alimentary diseases with the Hyper type (4), and Bryant of Bos- 

 ton has utilized the Hyper and Meso type in a successful rational 



