CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EXTERNAL EAR 217 



The phj^siognomic index decreases with age except in the 

 Eskimo female, the white female decreases less than the white 

 male and the Indian male decreases more than any. The de- 

 crease in the index is due to the greater increase in length than 

 breadth of the ear with increasing age. 



CHANGES IN THE EAR DURING GROWTH 



Fetal stage: The ears of 44 negro fetuses and 22 white fetuses 

 were measured and the total fetal length taken. It is seen that 

 there is a decrease in the physiognomic ear index from 75 to 67 

 in the white ears, with an increase in total fetal length from 30 

 cm. and less, to 60 cm., but the negro ears are the same in physiog- 

 nomic index in all the fetal stages, except from 30 to 39 cm. 

 The index of the negroes is greater than that of the whites in 

 fetal life, and thus early the racial characters are evident. This 

 was also determined by inspection of fetal white and negro ears. 



The female fetal ear is longer than the male, and the breadth 

 is about the same as the male, which is what was found in the 

 adult. 



Stature and ear dimensions, negro children: It is seen that the 

 length of the male negro ear increases from 49.3 mm. when the 

 stature is 90 to 99 cm., to 56.0 mm. when the stature is 140 to 

 149 cm., and to 59.1 mm. in the adult. Likewise, the female 

 negro ear increases from 51.8 to 54.7, and to 57.8 mm. in the same 

 periods. The female negro ear is longer than that of the male 

 negro ear until the adult state is reached, after which it is shorter. 

 Likewise, the breadth for the periods mentioned is 33.0, 36.0 

 and 37.6 mm. for the male negro, and 32.5, 34.3 and 36.3 for the 

 female negro. The female negro ear is narrower than the 

 male and this difference is greater in the adult. Likewise, the 

 physiognomic index for the four periods is 67.4, 64.0, and 63.8 

 mm, for the male negro, and 62.8, 62.8, and 60.8 for the female 

 negro. The index decreases with growth more in the female 

 from the earliest fetal stages up to the adult, and in this way the 

 negro female approaches the white. The decrease in the index 

 continues throughout life, Daffner (6) gives it in white males 



