360 ARTHUR WILLIAM MEYER 



Dnininioiul, '00 found li(>iii<)lynij)li nodes from 0.5 to 0.75 

 luni. in size on the posterior abdominal wall of a foetal calf 9 

 inches long. On section these were found to be well-formed 

 hemolymph nodes which contained erythrocytes in the capil- 

 laries and also in irregular spaces found mainly near the hilus 

 and in the center of the gland. In order to judge better what 

 Drummond was actually describing it is well to recall that he 

 found the Ijanphatic tissue of hemolymph nodes usually divided 

 into a cortex and medulla and the generally abundant germ cen- 

 ters arranged in two rows. 



Lewis, '03, who merely referred to Bos taurus, reported that 

 he found endothelial cells containing pigment in the hemal 

 nodes of the ox and declared that hemal and hemal lymphatic 

 glands "are distributed with considerable constancy in three 

 main groups: renal, splenic and subvertebral." 



White, '04 found that 'Very little difficulty is experienced 

 in identifying from gross appearance hemolymph nodes in the 

 ox, sheep, pig, etc.," but no description of the nodes is given in 

 the report and from the above statement one is compelled to 

 conclude that White probably misapprehended the real situation. 



Crescenzi, a government inspector at a public abattoir, in 

 '06 was the first to report the presence of hemal nodes under 

 the skin in Bos taurus but, strangely enough, did not attach 

 any special importance to this fact or describe these nodes in 

 particular. Moreover, Crescenzi emphasized the fact that hemal 

 nodes are always found near lymph nodes and mentioned the 

 pelvis and the peribronchial and perirenal regions as sites of 

 predilection. Not rarely he also found them under the skin 

 and pleura and between the muscles of the extremities. In the 

 former locations their form which generally tended to the spheri- 

 cal, was somewhat flattened on account of lateral pressure. 



Crescenzi found hemal nodes somewhat more numerous in 

 cattle from Sardinia and particularly abundant in calves, lambs 

 and kids. He failed to find them in young foetuses but counted 

 ten nodes in each of four foetuses from seven to eight months 

 old. These nodes varied in size from the head of a pin to a 

 "grain of pepper" and many of them were in contact with lymph 



