HEMAL NODES IN BOVINES AND GOATS 367 



neous nodes were never seen restricted to the location of the 

 peripheral lymph nodes, as stated by Crescenzi, Bauni and Piltz, 

 but were found scattered or grouped more or less in certain re- 

 gions such as that of the shoulders, neck and hips. 



In the abdominal cavity, the absence of such large numbers of 

 hemal nodes as seen in the lumbar region of sheep, was particularly 

 worthy of note and although many hundreds of beeves were 

 inspected in the abattoirs during the last half decade, I never 

 saw a carcass that contained as many hemal nodes as were 

 usually seen in dozens of carcasses of sheep during the course 

 of a few hours slaughtering. The most Crescenzi mentioned in 

 individual bovines is nineteen. 



The presence of exceedingly coarse trabeculae and a very 

 thick, often fenestrated capsule in bo\'ine subcutaneous nodes, 

 are as striking as is the fine architecture of the abdominal nodes 

 of the goat. Large streamers and whorls of connective tissue 

 are also commonly present in the former and not infrequently, 

 as the needle penetrates the node in the course of injections, 

 the accompanying sound is entirely comparable to that heard 

 when piercing cartilage. This is true even of small nodes, es- 

 pecially if they are pale or gray. 



Not infrequently the capsule is composed of a relatively thin 

 dense outer portion and a very broad inner meshwork of coarse 

 trabeculae, as shown in figure 1. The large meshes of this inner 

 framework contain erythrocytes and hanphocytes, and the 

 trabeculae, which compose it gradually merge with the frame- 

 work of the interior of the node. The capsules of some nodes 

 also contain comparatively large veins, and occasionally some fat 

 cells. However, Vincent and Harrison, '97 stated that 'Tn no 

 instance did we find any fat cells inside the capsule." Since 

 evidences in my possession seem to indicate that the presence of 

 fat cells, which is exceedingly common in lymph nodes of the 

 pig and guinea pig, is determined largely by the fatness of the 

 animals this discrepancy in results is easily accounted for. 



Many portions of these extremely large iirm nodes are al- 

 most exclusively vascular in structure and others exclusively 

 lymphatic except, of course, that Ijmnphatic vessels or sinuses 



