468 CATHARINE LINES CHAPIN 



in the normal male and, in some cases, cells are found in the 

 lumen indicating degeneration. The Wolffian body of free- 

 martin T6 is as large in cross section as that of cf T6, and is 

 larger than the Wolffian body of the 9 N23, examined for 

 comparison. 



Both sets of ducts of the free-martin are irregular. The 

 Wolffian duct is almost entirely atrophied. Anterior to the gonad 

 its relations are normal. In the region near the gonad it appears 

 only at irregular intervals. Posterior to that it is lacking for 

 some distance. It reappears near the caudal end of its normal 

 course where it seems to be regular. As for the Miillerian duct, 

 the tube is entirely absent. The enlarged posterior part of the 

 Miillerian duct is present and seems to be complete. In a nor- 

 mal 14 cm. female, the horns of the uterus are much larger in 

 diameter and unite to form the body of the uterus. In this 16.3 

 cm. free-martin the uterine horns do unite (of the free-martins 

 examined, this is the only case in which any union of the cornua 

 was found), but only for a distance of 1.905 mm. Anterior to 

 the union, one duct lies ventral to the other. When they sepa- 

 rate, posterior to their junction, they are once more lateral to 

 each other. 



Summary. The gonad of the 16.3 cm, free-martin resembles 

 that of the male in the absence of cortex, the appearance of the 

 albuginea, and peritoneum, and the large development of rete. It 

 resembles the female gland in the structure of the sex cords and in 

 the position of the rete. The atrophy of the oviduct and retention 

 of the reduced uterine horns is characteristic of the male, whereas 

 their partial union and the degeneration of the Wolffian body 

 suggest the condition of these organs in the female. 



4. SEVERAL FREE-MARTINS STUDIED MEASURED 20 CM. OR 



THEREABOUTS 



Of these, T13 measured 20 cm., T2 measured 21.5 cm. (Lillie, 

 fig. 20) and T4 22.5 cm. (Lillie, figs. 22A and 22B). These 

 embryos were presumably of about the same age, but, as might 

 be expected from the possible variations in the cause of their 

 abnormalities, they differ among themselves, in development of 



