344 EBEN J. CAREY 



puppy four weeks old weighed 0.75 gram. At the first opera- 

 tion the bladder was examined histologically; it presented the 

 appearance of typical smooth muscle and possessed transitional 

 epithelium (figs. 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13). 



Concentrated boric acid at 37.5°C. was passed through the 

 bladder under varying intensities of pressure and at various 

 intervals of time daily. The experiment is illustrated in the 

 outline drawing (fig. 7). On May 21st, a second operation was 

 performed for the purpose of excising a portion of the bladder 

 for histological purposes and, if cross-striated muscle were 

 found, to allow the musculature to revert to smooth muscle. 

 The bladder muscle presented a deep red appearance and the 

 resistance to incision with the scalpel had greatly increased. 

 The bladder wall was 5 mm. in width, whereas the bladder in 

 the control puppy was 1.9 mm. The bladder of a control puppy 

 weighed 1.59 grams, whereas the bladder in the operated dog 

 weighed 4.75 grams. 



The insertion of the suprapubic tube was done for me by 

 Dr. B. F. McGrath, Director of the Department of Clinical 

 Laboratories. The steps in the operation were as follows: 



A. Strict asepsis was rigidly adhered to. 



B. Anesthetic: Ether, drop method. 



1. Bladder exposed by a suprapubic incision in the midline. 



2. Purse-string suture of chromicized catgut inserted high in 

 anterior wall of bladder. 



3. Small opening in center of the circle formed by the purse- 

 string suture. 



4. Three fixing sutures of silkworm-gut, each made as follows: 

 From without, through a) all layers of the abdominal wall, h) 

 anterior wall of bladder, and c) a perforation in the flange of the 

 tube; from within, returning through a) a perforation in the flange 

 of the tube, h) anterior wall of bladder, and c) all layers of the 

 abdominal wall. 



5. Opening in the bladder wall stretched and the flange of 

 the 'tube inserted into cavity of bladder. 



6. Purse-string suture tightened about tube and ends tied. 



7. Abdominal wall wound closed, up to tube, with interrupted 

 silkworm-gut suture. 



