acthor's abstractt of this paper issued 

 by the bibliographic service, march 20 



THE REACTIONS OF AAIBLYSTOMA TIGRINUAI TO 

 OLFACTORY STIMULU 



J. S. NICHOLAS 

 Osborn Zoological Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 



ONE FIGURE 



INTRODUCTION 



The existence of the sense of smell m fishes has been clearly- 

 shown by Parker, Sheldon, and others. This work has settled 

 the question for this group in accordance with Sherrington's 

 definition, which places the sense of smell in the exteroceptive 

 system and that of taste in the interoceptive system. 



Comparatively httle work of an exact nature has been done 

 upon the olfactory sense of amphibia. Reese ('12) tested Diemyc- 

 tilus with food and meat juices, but as he failed to control 

 the sense of sight, his results are not fully conclusive. 



Copeland ('13) repeated the experhnents of Reese, using 

 more exact methods. He controlled the ^dsual sense by stimu- 

 lating the olfactory epithelium with diffusion from a motionless 

 source, and he concludes that there is a definite olfactory sense in 

 this anuTial. 



Risser ('14), working upon larvae and adults of the frog 

 and the toad, showed that tadpoles of the toad possess an olfac- 

 tory sense, while frog tadpoles do not. In the adult toad, he 

 was unable to obtain satisfactory data in regard to the exist- 

 ence of an olfactory sense except in regard to specific odors. He 

 did not, however, obtain any response to food substances with 

 which the animals normally come in contact. 



Burr ('16) obtained definite olfactory responses in larval 

 Amblystoma punctatum. 



An investigation was begun in the spring of 1919 in an endeavor 

 to study the correlation of the senses of sight and smell after 



I Anat. Rec, vol. 20, 1921, p. ISO. 



257 



