and below the eponychium — my observations in this respect [according 

 perfectly with the descriptions of Kölliker as opposed to Zander. 



Figure 4 represents the nail of the toe in embryos of between 

 4 and 5 months. Here the bladder and irregular cells covering the 

 nail formation have undergone a partial keratosis, and those situated 

 near the fold of the nail are loose and scaly in appearance. At the 

 edge of the nail these cells are heaped up in still greater numbers, 

 and are continuous with the scales of the plantar surface, which are 

 also derived from these elements. 



Figure 5 represents a section of a toe during the 5"» month. 

 Here the nail is freed from its epitrichial (or eponychial) covering over 

 its greater part. At eo are to be seen the remains of the eponychium 

 over the nail fold, which are united with the horny layer of the back 

 of the toe. 



Fig. 5. Great toe of an embryo of the 5* month, eo eponychium. «e nail edge. 

 tl stratum lucidum, n nail. Acid fuchsine preparation. 



The appearances at the edge of the nail have not, it seems to 

 me, received a correct interpretation. At ne is seen the epitrichial 

 layer of the edge of the nail which has become the stratum corneum, 

 by a metamorphosis of the bladder cells, as a comparison of the three 

 figures will show. K6lliker says of this period: „Das distale Ende 

 des Nagelfeldes trug ein Stratum corneum aus einigen Zellenlagen, die 

 am Nagelsaume zu einem dicken Wulste sich entwickelten , der nun 

 ganz und gar aus Schüppchen bestand und keine Spur der Blasenzellen 

 der früheren Zeiten zeigte." Examination of numerous specimens of 

 toes and fingers has convinced me that this horny projection remaining 

 at the edge of the nail is produced by a keratosis of the bladder cells, 

 and represents a persistance of the epitrichial layer at this point, and 

 pot as Kölliker implies , a heaping up of scales derived from the 



