^16 



With regard to the greater number of these cases I shall for 

 the sake of brevity say nothing. A few, however, require more detailed 

 account. 



Case 1. Anencephalus. The muscle was on the right side, 

 the left being normal. The pectoralis major was divided by a large gap 

 through which could be seen portions of the second, third, fourth and 

 fifth ribs. The upper part of the muscle arose from the clavicle and 

 manubrium sterni and the lower from the fifth and sixth ribs. The ster- 

 nahs arose chiefly from the fascia connected with the latter and partly 

 also perhaps from the fifth rib; passing upwards it was inserted into 

 the second and third ribs and into the upper part of the pectoraHs 

 major. 



Case 2. Anencephalus. Bilateral sternalis. On the right side 

 there was a large gap in the fibres of the pectoralis major, the upper 

 portion arising as in case 1, from the clavicle and manubrium sterni. 

 The highest part of the lower portion was attached to the upper border 

 of the fourth rib, the gap between the two consequently not being 

 so extensive as in case 1. The sternalis passed from the sixth to the 

 second ribs and the edge of the sternum above. On the left side there 

 was a smaller sternalis, situated much as on the right side. There 

 was no actual gap in the pectoralis major but at the place where such 

 existed on the right side there was a very obvious thinning of the 

 muscle on the left. The muscle was, in fact, so thin at this part 

 that subjacent structures could be seen through it, though there was 

 no loss of continuity of the fibres. 



Case 3. Anencephalus. Left sided sternahs arising from 

 the abdominal aponeurosis below the ribs, and passing over the pecto- 

 ralis as high as the middle of the sternum where it gaiaed an attach- 

 ment to that bone. 



Case 4. Cyclops. A precisely similar muscle but of the right 

 side existed in this specimen. 



The first point to which I would draw attention is as to the occur- 

 rence of this muscle in anencephalous foetuses. The point has often 

 been mentioned before, but there are now a sufficient number of dis- 

 sections on record by various observers to allow a conclusion to be 

 drawn as to its actual frequency of occurrence. 



